不同提取方法对井冈蜜柚皮精油组成与性质的影响
Effects of Different Extraction Methods on the Composition and Properties of Jinggang Pomelo Peel Essential Oil
李欣 1华建新 1罗杰洪 1王国庆 2陈赣 2周爱梅1
作者信息
- 1. 华南农业大学食品学院,广东省功能食品活性重点实验室,广东广州 510642
- 2. 吉安井冈农业生物科技有限公司,江西吉安 343016
- 折叠
摘要
以井冈蜜柚皮精油(Jinggang pomelo peel essential oil,JPPEO)为研究对象,采用水蒸气蒸馏法、低温连续相变法两种方法进行提取,以精油得率为主要指标,研究了萃取温度、压力、时间等因素对井冈蜜柚皮精油得率的影响,并通过正交法进行低温连续相变法提取工艺优化,同时对精油的理化性质及化学组成进行分析.研究表明,低温连续相变提取井冈蜜柚皮精油(Low-temperature continuous phase transition extraction essential oil,L-JPPEO)的最佳工艺为:颗粒度 30目,萃取温度 55℃,萃取压力 0.6 MPa,萃取时间 60 min,解析温度 70℃,此时精油得率为 10.99‰,比水蒸气蒸馏法提取的精油(Hydro distillation essential oil,H-JPPEO)得率高出了2.88倍;理化性质实验结果表明,低温连续相变萃取的井冈蜜柚皮精油的不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,游离脂肪酸含量较低,酯类成分含量较低;傅里叶衰减全反射中红外光谱法(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)鉴定出L-JPPEO和H-JPPEO含萜烯类化合物、醇类、酚类、醛类以及含羰基化合物.气相色谱-质谱联用法(Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)从H-JPPEO、L-JPPEO样品中分别鉴定出 23和 32种化合物,其中两种精油都检测出的有 15种物质,D-柠檬烯相对含量均最高,L-JPPEO中相对含量为 4.75±0.16 μg/mL,H-JPPEO中相对含量为 640.93±44.47 μg/mL;顶空气相色谱-离子迁移谱法(Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry,HS-GC-IMS)从两种提取方法的精油均鉴定出 71种化合物,与水蒸气蒸馏相比,低温连续相变萃取技术提取出较多的萜烯类(45.75%)、酮类(7.68%)及酯类(15.85%)、酸类(5.62%)成分.
Abstract
Taking Jinggang pomelo peel essential oil(JPPEO)as the research object,two methods of steam distillation and low-temperature continuous phase transition were used for extraction.Orthogonal test was used to study the effects of extraction temperature,extraction pressure and extraction time on the yield of essential oil of Jinggang pomelo peel.At the same time,the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of essential oil were analysed.The results showed that the optimum extraction process of essential oil extracted by low-temperature continuous phase transition(L-JPPEO)was obtained as follows:particle size 30 mesh,extraction temperature 55℃,extraction pressure 0.6 MPa,extraction time 60 min,and the analysis temperature 70℃.At this time,the extraction rate was 10.99‰,the yield of L-JPPEO was 2.88 times higher than that extracted by steam distillation(H-JPPEO).The physicochemical properties of the essential oil of JPPEO extracted by low-temperature continuous phase transition showed that the content of unsaturated fat acid was higher,the content of free fatty acid was lower,the content of esters was lower.FTIR identified L-JPPEO and H-JPPEO containing terpenes,alcohols,phenols,aldehydes and carbonyl compounds.GC-MS technology identified 23 and 32 compounds from H-JPPEO and L-JPPEO samples,respectively.Among which 15 compounds were detected in both essential oils,the relative content of D-limonene was the highest,the relative content in L-JPPEO was 4.75±0.16 μg/mL,while the relative content in H-JPPEO was 640.93±44.47 μg/mL.HS-GC-IMS identified 71 compounds from both extraction methods of essential oils.Compared with steam distillation,low-temperature continuous phase change extraction technology extracted more terpenes(45.75%),ketones(7.68%),esters(15.85%),and acids(5.62%).
关键词
井冈蜜柚皮精油/水蒸气蒸馏/低温连续相变/红外光谱法/气相色谱-质谱联用法/顶空气相色谱-离子迁移谱法Key words
Jinggang pomelo peel essential oil(JPPEO)/steam distillation/low-temperature continuous phase transition/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)/headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy(HS-GC-引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据