摘要
本研究分别以带壳和脱壳红花籽为原料,采用超声波辅助和振荡溶剂提取红花籽油,旨在进一步研究不同提取方法对红花籽油理化品质和挥发性成分的影响,明确带壳和脱壳红花籽油品质的差异.结果表明,不同方法提取的红花籽油的相对密度、折光指数、皂化值、酸值、碘值、过氧化值等理化指标均满足红花籽油国家标准(GB/T 22465-2008).不同油样的脂肪酸主要是亚油酸(57.53％～67.95％)、油酸(6.46％～8.12％)、棕榈酸(1.87％～2.12％)和硬脂酸(1.26％～1.77％),其脂肪酸组成无显著差异,但UAE法获得的红花籽油中的反-2-辛烯醛、正己醇和正戊醇含量为2.74％、14.96％和1.93％,而CSE法获得的红花籽油中的反-2-辛烯醛、正己醇和正戊醇含量为2.14％、12.49％和1.88％;UAE-S O和CSE-S O的OSI值分别为6.89 h和5.57h;带壳红花籽油的抗氧化活性(DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除率)也显著高于脱壳红花籽油(P＜0.05).本文研究结果可为新疆红花籽油的制备和精炼提供理论依据.
Abstract
In this study,the ultrasonic-assisted and oscillation-assisted solvent extraction methodologies were employed to extract safflower seed oil using unshelled and shelled safflower seeds harvested from Xinjiang as raw materials.The effects of different extraction methods on the physicochemical indices and volatile components of safflower seed oil were further investigated to clarify the differences in the quality of oils extracted from unshelled and shelled safflower seeds.Results showed that the physicochemical indices of safflower seed oil extracted by different methods,including relative density,refractive index,saponification value,acid value,iodine value,peroxide value and so on,were in complance with the national standard of safflower seed oil(GB/T 22465-2008).The fatty acids of different oil samples were mainly linoleic acid(57.53％～67.95％),oleic acid(6.46％～8.12％),palmitic acid(1.87％～2.12％)and stearic acid(1.26％～1.77％).The fatty acid compositions of safflower seed oils extracted by these two different methods did not show any significant differences.The contents of trans-(2-octenal),n-hexanol and n-amyl alcohol in safflower oil obtained by the ultrasonic-assisted method were 2.74％,14.96％and 1.93％,while those obtained by the oscillation-assisted method were 2.14％,12.49％and 1.88％.In addition,the OSI values of safflower seed oils extracted by the ultrasonic-assisted method and the oscillation-assisted method were 6.89 h and 5.57 h,respectively.More importantly,the oils extracted from the unshelled safflower seeds exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activities(i.e.scavenging degrees of DPPH and ABTS+free radicals)than those extracted from shelled safflower seeds.The results will provide a theoretical basis for the preparation and refining technology of safflower seed oil.
基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区乡村振兴项目(202100823)
地区科学基金项目(31960487)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据