Effects of Drying and Extraction Methods on Components and Activities of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis Flower
In order to explore the effects of different drying and extraction methods on the quality and activity of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis flower.In this experiment,fresh Gardenia jasminoides Ellis flower was used as raw material and dried by different drying methods(forced air drying,natural air drying,microwave drying combined with drum killing,infrared radiation drying combined with drum killing,vacuum freeze-drying).Then seven extraction methods(steam distillation,petroleum ether extraction,n-hexane extraction,alcohol extraction,water extraction,supercritical CO2 extraction,subcritical butane extraction)were used to extract drying flowers by the best drying method.The drying and extraction methods with the most active ingredients and the most activity were obtained by measuring their active ingredient content,antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity.The results showed that shade drying was the most effective method to retain the active components and activities of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis flower.The contents of total flavone,total phenol and total iridoid were(83.15±6.02),(340.84±19.37)mg/g and(332.37±10.63)μg/g,respectively.The diameter of inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus was(17.43±1.86)mm,which was significantly higher than that of other drying methods.The ethanol extract retained more total active component content.The total flavonoids,total phenols and total iridoid were(109.28±1.67)mg/g,(355.74±30.11)mg/g and(256.68±21.74)μg/g.At the same time,the inhibitory zone diameter of ethanol extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahemolyticus reached(13.30±2.04)mm and(11.36±1.21)mm,which had broad spectrum inhibitory activity.According to the comprehensive evaluation results,shade drying and ethanol extraction methods are the best drying and extraction methods to retain the active ingredients and activities.The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for finding suitable processing methods of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis flower for different purposes.
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