Identification of Bacteriostatic Substances in Seed Shell and Fruit Shell of Camellia oleifera Based on Metabolome Analysis
In order to develop and utilize the by-products of Camellia oleifera,identify the antibacterial effect of seed shell and fruit shell and analyze the possible substances involved in antibacterial activity,this study took mature seed shell and fruit shell of'Changlin No.40'as research objects,conducted antibacterial test on their ethanol extracts,and further used the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)technology platform to conduct metabolome analysis.The results showed that both the fruit shell and the seed shell could inhibit the spore growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger to a certain extent,and the seed shell had more obvious antibacterial effect.In addition,a total of 1727 metabolites were identified in the metabolites of fruit shell and seed shell,among which flavonoids and phenolic acids accounted for 21.60％and 14.94％,respectively,which may be the main antibacterial compoments of Camellia seed shell and fruit shell.Further comparative analysis showed that there were 1140 different metabolites between seed shell and fruit shell,of which 1029 were up-regulated and 111 were down-regulated.KEGG analysis of differential metabolites showed that metabolic pathways such as ascorbic acid and uronic acid metabolism,pentose phosphate pathway,linoleic acid metabolism,starch and sucrose metabolism,carbon metabolism,interconversion of pentose and gluconate,α-linolenic acid metabolism,biosynthesis of ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinones,citric acid cycle(tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle),and nucleotide sugar biosynthesis are highly metabolized in the seed shell.Analysis of the top 30 up-regulated differential metabolites showed that coumarin and tannin accounted for the highest proportion of these differential metabolites,which reached 7.58％and 7.89％,respectively,which may be the main reason why seed shell had more obvious bacterioinhibitory effect than fruit shell.These results provide a theoretical basis for exploring the possible mechanism of seed shell and fruit shell participating in bacteriostasis,and also provide a reference for the development and utilization of Camellia by-products.
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