Optimization of selenium-enriched germination process of quinoa and its antioxidant activity
[Objective]This study aimed to improve the organic selenium content of quinoa seeds and develop high-quality Se-rich quinoa food raw materials.[Methods]Using Qingbaili No.1 quinoa as raw material and sodium selenite as a selenium source,the selenium-enriched germination process conditions of quinoa were optimized through one-way experiments combined with orthogonal experiments.The soluble protein,polyphenol content,and antioxidant capacity of selenium-enriched quinoa were further analyzed.[Results]The optimal process conditions for selenium-enriched germination of quinoa were sodium selenite solution concentration of 20 mg/L,soaking temperature of 25 ℃,soaking time of 6 h,soaking solution pH of 7.0,germination time of 48 h,and germination temperature of 20 ℃.Under these conditions,the organic selenium content of selenium-enriched germinated quinoa was 349.52 μg/kg.Selenium-enriched sprouted quinoa had the highest content of free phenols(236.35 mg/100 g)and bound phenols(198.31 mg/100 g),and control deionized water germinated quinoa had the highest content of soluble protein(22.18％).Notably,the antioxidant activities of soluble protein,free phenols,and bound phenols in selenium-rich germinated quinoa were the strongest,followed by those in control deionized water germinated quinoa,and untreated quinoa was relatively the lowest.[Conclusion]Se-enriched germination can significantly increase the contents of organic selenium,soluble protein and polyphenols,and enhance the antioxidant capacity of Quinoa.
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