Analysis of screening results for high-risk population of esophageal cancer
Objective To investigate the screening results and influencing factors of abnormal detection rates in high-risk populations for esophageal cancer,explore effective intervention measures,and provide support for clinical screening and diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.Methods The survey and screening work was conducted from January 1,2022 to May 31,2023.A total of 80 family members of esophageal cancer patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospi-tal of Henan University from January 1 to December 31,2021 were selected as high-risk groups for esophageal cancer.In-formation on the occupation,gender,education level,age,marital status,presence of esophageal diseases(chronic esophagitis,reflux esophagitis,achalasia),place of residence,and frequency of pickled vegetables consumption of the survey subjects were collected,and a combination of endoscopic iodine staining and indicator biopsy was used for screen-ing.Using pathological diagnosis as the gold standard,the patient was divided into a normal group and an abnormal group based on the diagnostic results.The general information of the two groups was compared,and logistic multivariate analy-sis was used to detect the influencing factors of abnormalities.Results Eighty high-risk individuals underwent endoscopic iodine staining,and 65 of them had normal esophageal mucosa,accounting for 81.25％.Fifteen patients underwent path-ological biopsy and found six cases of esophageal inflammation with a detection rate of 7.50％,eight cases of precancerous lesions with a detection rate of 10.00％,and one case of positive esophageal disease with a detection rate of 1.25％.Gen-der(x2=0.021,P=0.886),marital status(x2=0.228,P=0.633),occupation(x2=0.449,P=0.930),educational background(x2=0.292,P=0.771)and place of residence(x2=0.252,P=0.616)had no statistical significance be-tween normal and abnormal groups.There were significant differences in esophageal diseases(x2=7.182,P=0.007),consumption times of pickles(x2=2.754,P=0.006)and age(x2=2.171,P=0.030)between normal and abnormal groups.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=2.276,95％CI:1.023-5.062,P＜0.001),frequency of pickled vegetable consumption(OR=2.231,95％CI:1.206-4.28,P＜0.001),chronic esophagitis(OR=2.255,95％CI:1.014-5.013,P＜0.001),reflux esophagitis(OR=2.246,95％CI:1.210-4.169,P＜0.001),achalasia of the cardia(OR=2.199,95％CI:1.118-4.326,P＜0.001)were contributing factors to the de-tection of abnormalities in esophageal cancer screening.Conclusions The detection rate of abnormalities in high-risk popu-lations for esophageal cancer is relatively high,which is influenced by age,chronic esophagitis,reflux esophagitis,acha-lasia of the cardia,and consumption of pickled vegetables.Based on this,early diagnosis and treatment can be provided for high-risk populations for esophageal cancer in clinical practice.
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