Analysis of epidemic characteristics of influenza in Huli district of Xiamen city from 2018 to 2022
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza(hereinafter referred to as influenza)in Huli district,Xiamen city from 2018 to 2022,and provide reference for influenza prevention and control.Methods Influ-enza case information with current address in Huli district,Xiamen city from January 2018 to December 31,2022 was ex-ported form the disease monitoring information report management module of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System,as well as sudden public health event information reporting system in the China Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System.According to the diagnostic criteria and treatment plan of influ-enza,descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of influenza cases in Huli district,Xiamen city.x2 was used to compare the incidence rate and x2trend testing was used for annual incidence rate trend.Results From 2018 to 2022,a total of 11 568 influenza cases were reported in Huli district of Xiamen city,with an average five-year incidence rate of 224.36/100 000.The incidence rate of influenza in the population will be low in 2020-2021,and the incidence rate will be the highest in 2022.The incidence rate fluctuates significantly before different years(x2trend=3 064.78,P＜0.001).The onset of influenza has a certain seasonality,mainly occurring in winter and spring(December-February of the following year),and there will also be a peak of incidence in the spring and summer alternation of 2022(June-July),with a much higher epidemic intensity than in winter and spring.The age of onset in the population is mainly under 19 years old,accounting for 90.49％,and those over 19 years old accounting for 9.51％.Comparison of different popula-tions:Diaspora children(1 905.96/100 000),kindergarten children(1 723.62/100 000),and primary and secondary school students(786.79/100 000)were the high-risk groups for influenza,x2=10 719.71,P＜0.001.Among the five streets,Huli Street has the highest annual average incidence rate(267.37/100 000)and Jinshan Street had the lowest an-nual average incidence rate(174.92/100 000)and the difference is statistically significant,x2=38.27,P＜0.001.From 2018 to 2022,there were a total of 75 cases of clustered epidemics,with 76.00％(57/75)of primary and secondary schools and 24.00％(18/75)of childcare institutions being the main ones.In the past 5 years,among the subtypes of in-fluenza viruses,type A had been the main type,accounting for 26.25％.Conclusions The influenza epidemic season in Huli district of Xiamen city from 2018 to 2022 will be dominated by winter and spring,and the incidence rate of influenza among the population will be significantly reduced from 2020 to 2021 due to the impact of the prevention and control of the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic.Young children and primary and secondary school students are the high incidence population of influenza in Huli district.Factors such as population density,the number of mobile populations,and health conditions have a certain impact on the risk of influenza transmission.It is recommended to take comprehensive measures to strengthen influenza prevention and control,focus on protecting students and children,pay attention to school health work,and encourage the population to receive influenza vaccines.
influenzaepidemiological characteristicscomprehensive prevention and controlXiamen city
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