Objective To address the feeding challenges of preterm infants,the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of colostrum oral immunotherapy on feeding,gastrointestinal hormones,and neurodevelopment of preterm infants.Methods A total of 90 premature infants were selected from Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 12,2021,to March 12,2023,and divided into groups according to random number table method.Forty-five cases in the control group were given kangaroo nursing,and 45 cases in the observation group were given colostrum oral immunother-apy on the basis of the control group.The first and complete oral feeding time of the two groups was recorded and com-pared,and the feeding efficiency was calculated.Before intervention and 30 days after intervention,2 mL of venous blood was collected from 2 groups of preterm infants,kept in the greenhouse for 1 h,centrifuged at 3 000 r/min for 15 min,up-per serum was taken,and serum gastrin(GAS)and pepsinogen(PG)levels were determined by radioimmunoassay.Neo-natal behavioral neuroassay score(NBNA)was used to evaluate the neurodevelopment of preterm infants.Complications were recorded.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0.Count data were expressed as n(％),and chi-square tests were used.Rank data were analyzed with the rank sum test,and continuous data were expressed as mean±stand-ard deviation,and univariate covariance analysis was used for data analysis.Test level a=0.05(two-tailed).Results After intervention,the first feeding time of observation group was(5.15±0.59)d,which was shorter than that of control group(6.23±0.65)d,and the difference was statistically significant(t=8.253,P＜0.001).After intervention,the total feeding time of the observation group was(9.56±0.98)d,which was shorter than that of the control group(11.25±1.39)d,and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.666,P＜0.001).After intervention,the feeding efficiency of the observation group was(10.09±1.26)ml/min,which was higher than that of the control group(8.52±0.86)ml/min,with statistical significance(t=6.904,P＜0.001).After intervention,GAS level in observation group was(240.23±8.67)ng/L,higher than that in control group(235.64±9.55)ng/L,the difference was statistically sig-nificant(F=2.387,P=0.019).After intervention,the PG level in the observation group was(38.33±4.36)μg/L,higher than that in the control group(35.49±4.62)μg/L,the difference was statistically significant(F=2.999,P=0.004).After intervention,the general status score of the observation group was(5.37±0.50)points,higher than that of the control group(5.07±0.46)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=2.962,P=0.004).After intervention,the original reflex score of the observation group was(5.41±0.44)points,higher than that of the control group(5.09±0.49)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.260,P=0.002).After intervention,the score of active muscle tension in the observation group was(7.36±0.50)points,higher than that in the control group(7.01±0.63)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=2.919,P=0.005).After intervention,the score of passive muscle tension in the observation group was(7.40±0.51)points,higher than that in the control group(6.93±0.68)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.709,P＜0.001).After intervention,the be-havioral ability score of the observation group was(11.13±0.75)points,higher than that of the control group(10.12±1.01)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=5.386,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(x2=0.090,P=0.764).Conclusion Colostrum oral immuno-therapy has a definite effect on premature infants,can effectively improve the feeding condition of premature infants,reg-ulate the level of gastrointestinal hormones,promote neurodevelopment,and has high safety.
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