Effects of colostrum oral immunotherapy on premature infants
Objective To address the feeding challenges of preterm infants,the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of colostrum oral immunotherapy on feeding,gastrointestinal hormones,and neurodevelopment of preterm infants.Methods A total of 90 premature infants were selected from Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 12,2021,to March 12,2023,and divided into groups according to random number table method.Forty-five cases in the control group were given kangaroo nursing,and 45 cases in the observation group were given colostrum oral immunother-apy on the basis of the control group.The first and complete oral feeding time of the two groups was recorded and com-pared,and the feeding efficiency was calculated.Before intervention and 30 days after intervention,2 mL of venous blood was collected from 2 groups of preterm infants,kept in the greenhouse for 1 h,centrifuged at 3 000 r/min for 15 min,up-per serum was taken,and serum gastrin(GAS)and pepsinogen(PG)levels were determined by radioimmunoassay.Neo-natal behavioral neuroassay score(NBNA)was used to evaluate the neurodevelopment of preterm infants.Complications were recorded.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0.Count data were expressed as n(％),and chi-square tests were used.Rank data were analyzed with the rank sum test,and continuous data were expressed as mean±stand-ard deviation,and univariate covariance analysis was used for data analysis.Test level a=0.05(two-tailed).Results After intervention,the first feeding time of observation group was(5.15±0.59)d,which was shorter than that of control group(6.23±0.65)d,and the difference was statistically significant(t=8.253,P＜0.001).After intervention,the total feeding time of the observation group was(9.56±0.98)d,which was shorter than that of the control group(11.25±1.39)d,and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.666,P＜0.001).After intervention,the feeding efficiency of the observation group was(10.09±1.26)ml/min,which was higher than that of the control group(8.52±0.86)ml/min,with statistical significance(t=6.904,P＜0.001).After intervention,GAS level in observation group was(240.23±8.67)ng/L,higher than that in control group(235.64±9.55)ng/L,the difference was statistically sig-nificant(F=2.387,P=0.019).After intervention,the PG level in the observation group was(38.33±4.36)μg/L,higher than that in the control group(35.49±4.62)μg/L,the difference was statistically significant(F=2.999,P=0.004).After intervention,the general status score of the observation group was(5.37±0.50)points,higher than that of the control group(5.07±0.46)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=2.962,P=0.004).After intervention,the original reflex score of the observation group was(5.41±0.44)points,higher than that of the control group(5.09±0.49)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.260,P=0.002).After intervention,the score of active muscle tension in the observation group was(7.36±0.50)points,higher than that in the control group(7.01±0.63)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=2.919,P=0.005).After intervention,the score of passive muscle tension in the observation group was(7.40±0.51)points,higher than that in the control group(6.93±0.68)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.709,P＜0.001).After intervention,the be-havioral ability score of the observation group was(11.13±0.75)points,higher than that of the control group(10.12±1.01)points,and the difference was statistically significant(F=5.386,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(x2=0.090,P=0.764).Conclusion Colostrum oral immuno-therapy has a definite effect on premature infants,can effectively improve the feeding condition of premature infants,reg-ulate the level of gastrointestinal hormones,promote neurodevelopment,and has high safety.
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