Correlation of serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels with brain white matter lesions severity and cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vascular disease
Objective To investigate the correlation between serum levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on mye-loid cells-2(sTREM2)and macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)with brain white matter lesions(WML)severi-ty and cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vascular disease(CSVD).Methods Totally 89 CSVD patients treated at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 16,2021 to April 21,2023 were selected as the observation group,and 89 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were se-lected as the control group.According to the Fazekas visual scoring system,CSVD patients were grouped into mild WML group(n=29),moderate WML group(n=39),and severe WML group(n=21);according to the Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)scoring method,CSVD patients were grouped into a cognitive impairment group(n=36)and a cog-nitive normal group(n=53);the serum levels of sTREM2 and MIF in each group were compared;Spearman method was applied to analyze the correlation between serum sTREM2,MIF levels and MoCA score in CSVD patients;receiver oper-ating characteristic(ROC)was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of serum sTREM2 and MIF levels for cognitive im-pairment in patients with CSVD.Results The serum levels of sTREM2 and MIF in the observation group were(3.22±1.04)μg/L and(52.45±15.22)ng/ml,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group(t values were 16.615 and 15.810,all P＜0.001);the serum levels of sTREM2 and MIF in severe WML group,moderate WML group and mild WML group were decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(F values were 60.764 and 45.033,all P＜0.001);the serum levels of sTREM2 and MIF in cognitive impairment group were(4.25±1.38)μg/L and(68.81±21.75)ng/ml,respectively,which were obviously higher than those in cognitive normal group(2.52±0.81)μg/L and(41.34±14.36)ng/ml(t values were 7.443 and 7.183,all P＜0.001;Spearman analysis showed that the serum levels of sTREM2 and MIF in CSVD patients were negatively correlated with MoCA score(r values were-0.652 and-0.697,all P＜0.001);the area under the curve(AUC)of serum sTREM2,MIF,and their combination in diagnosing cognitive impairment in CSVD patients was 0.86,0.82,and 0.93,respectively,the sensitivity and specific-ity of the combined diagnosis were 88.89％and 88.68％,respectively,the combination of the two was superior to the in-dividual diagnosis of serum sTREM2 and MIF(Z values were 2.148 and 2.521,P values were 0.032 and 0.012).Conclu-sions The serum levels of sTREM2 and MIF in CSVD patients are highly expressed,they are closely related to the de-gree of WML and cognitive impairment.The combination of the two has high diagnostic efficacy for cognitive impairment in CSVD patients and can be used as important indicators for clinical monitoring.
cerebral small vascular diseasesoluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2macrophage migration inhibitory factorwhite matter lesionscognitive impairment
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