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高立式格状沙障防风效益

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针对在风沙危害严重地区,半隐蔽式格状沙障容易遭沙埋,且其防护年限短等问题,提出了一种新型的防沙措施——高立式格状沙障(高1 m,长×宽=8m×8 m),并对该沙障的防风效益进行了观测.结果表明:(1)高立式格状沙障对风速具有显著削弱作用;且越接近地表,风速被削弱的程度越大;沙障内5个观测点2 m高处风速平均减弱了33.0%,而0.2m高处风速平均减弱了81.5%.(2)高立式格状沙障使沙障顶部高度(1 m)以下的风速廓线偏离对数曲线;沙障顶部以上风速和高度继续呈对数关系,且风速梯度明显大于对照点.(3)高立式格状沙障使地表粗糙度增大了44倍.
Windproof Efficiency of Upright Checkerboard Sand-barriers
Semi-buried checkerboard sand-barriers were easy to be buried by sand and had short windproff duration.A novel sand prevention measure-upright checkerboard sand-barrier which was 1 m in height,8 m in length and width was introduced,and its windproof efficiency was investigated.The results were as follows:(1) The barrier significantly reduced the incoming wind velocity,and the effect became more intensive approaching land surface.The averaged wind speed from five monitoring sites within the barrier showed a 33.0% reduction at 2 m high and 81.5% at 0.2 m high.(2) Wind velocity profiles within the barrier deviated from logarithmic curve below the height of the upright checkerboard sand-barrier (1 m).Above the barrier height,wind velocity profiles still followed the logarithm law,and wind velocity gradient was higher.(3) The average land surface roughness within the barrier region increased 44 times compared to the control point.

checkerboard sand-barrierwindproof efficiencyroughness

庞营军、屈建军、谢胜波、肖建华、韩庆杰

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中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站,甘肃敦煌736200

甘肃省风沙灾害防治工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730000

格状沙障 防风效益 粗糙度

铁道部科技研究开发计划项目国家重点基础研究发展计划国家自然科学基金重点项目

2011G027-D2012CB02610540930741

2014

水土保持通报
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 水利部水土保持监测中心

水土保持通报

CSTPCDCSCD
影响因子:0.658
ISSN:1000-288X
年,卷(期):2014.34(5)
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