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黄土区两种植物篱不同部位土壤持水特征对比

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[目的]研究植物篱不同部位土壤持水性能的分异特征,指导植物篱系统的设计与经营管理.[方法]在测定柠条、山杏两种典型植物篱土壤水分物理参数的基础上,利用van Genuchten模型比较分析植物篱系统带内、带间的土壤水分特征曲线及其参数.[结果](1)两种植物篱在土壤总孔隙度、水稳性团聚体含量、渗透系数等方面均高于耕地(对照),其中柠条植物篱带内土壤总孔隙度(66.36%)、水稳性微团聚体含量(35.50%)和有机质含量(44.1 g/kg)比带间分别高7.34%,1.95%和25.64%.山杏植物篱的这3项指标带内比带间分别高11.93%,29.33%和21.48%.(2)柠条、山杏植物篱带内土壤脱湿过程中凋萎系数分别是耕地的7倍和3.25倍,田间持水量分别是耕地的1.46和1.25倍,柠条植物篱土壤保水优势更明显.(3)在相同的土壤水吸力下,土壤吸湿与脱湿过程中带内土壤的水分含量均明显高于带间,带内土壤的持水性更高,这与带内较高的黏粒含量相一致;柠条带内土壤水分含量高于山杏带内,二者均高于耕地.[结论]植物篱的二相结构能明显促进带内黏粒、微团聚体和养分的富集(有机质),进而提高带内土壤的持水性能和饱和渗透性能.
Comparison of Soil Water Retention Characteristics for Different Part of Two Kinds of Hedgerow System in Loess Area
[Objective] To study the differentiation characteristics of soil water retention in different part of the hedgerow system in order to provide guidelines for design and management of hedgerow systems.[Methods] Based on measuring the physical parameters of soil moisture for Caragana korshinskii and Armeniacc sibirica,the soil water retention curve as well as derived parameters of in-band and inter-band of hedgerow System were compared by van Genuchten model.[Results] (1) The total soil porosity,water stable micro-aggregates content and soil permeability was higher for C.korshinskii and A.sibirica.hedgerows than farmland(as a check).Soil properties from the in-band of C.korshinskii such as total soil porosity (66.36%),water stable micro-aggregates content(35.50%) and organic matter content(44.1 g/kg) were 7.34%,1.95% and 25.64% higher than that from the inter-band,respectively.Similarly,the above three indicators from the in-band hedgerows of A.sibirica were 11.93%,29.33% and 21.48% higher than that from the inter-band hedgerows,respectively.(2) The wilting coefficient of C.korshinskii and A.sibirica was 7 and 3.25 times of farmland,respectively,and the field capacity was 1.46 and 1.25 times,respectively,which display a more obvious advantages in soil water retention of farmland.(3) The soil water content of the in-band hedgerows was higher than that from the inter-band for both moisture absorption and desorption process with the same soil water suction,which was consistent with the content of soil clay.The in-band soil water content of C.korshinskii was higher than that of A.sibirica.They were both higher than that in the farmland.[Conclusion] The two-phase structure of hedgerows can significantly promote the enrichment of soil clay,micro-aggregates and organic matter in imband hedgerows,which is the key mechanism to improve soil water retention and saturated soil permeability.

soil water retention curveCaragana korshinskiiArmeniaca sibiricahedgerows

党宏忠、党汉瑾、李卫、冯伟、莫保儒

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中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091

甘肃省林业科学研究院,甘肃兰州730000

水分特征曲线 柠条 山杏 植物篱

“十二五”国家科技支撑课题

2011BAD31B02

2015

水土保持通报
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 水利部水土保持监测中心

水土保持通报

CSTPCDCSCD
影响因子:0.658
ISSN:1000-288X
年,卷(期):2015.35(3)
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