"23·7"京津冀地区暴雨洪水与土壤侵蚀调查——以河北省邢台市临城县为例

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中文摘要：[目的]开展"23·7"(20230729-0801)京津冀地区暴雨洪水过程及水土保持调查工作,分析小流域的暴雨洪水过程以及暴雨所造成的土壤侵蚀状况,为水土保持决策提供科学支撑.[方法]采用野外调查的方法对河北省临城县皇迷东沟和梁家庄西沟开展洪痕测量调查并计算洪峰流量模数,分析暴雨洪水对小流域造成的侵蚀危害.[结果]①该次降雨持续时间长、雨强大.梁家庄西沟和皇迷东沟流域累计雨量分别达到1 008.5和613.6 mm.②按洪痕法调查推算了洪峰流量,皇迷东沟、梁家庄西沟小流域洪峰流量模数为10.80和36.07 m3/(s·km2).坡度和水土保持措施是影响洪峰流量的主要因素.较大的坡度会使洪峰流量变大,而完善的水土保持措施可以起到有效的削峰作用.③调查小流域位于泜河流域上游,是该次暴雨中心和洪水的主要产流区,小流域洪峰流量模数大于下游水文站洪峰流量模数.④梁家庄西沟的侵蚀情况比皇迷东沟严重,主要原因是皇迷东沟的果园、梯田和谷坊的面积比例大于梁家庄西沟,皇迷东沟的平均坡度小于梁家庄西沟且梁家庄雨量站的降雨量峰值持续时间更长.[结论]良好的水土保持措施可以有效减少洪峰流量以及侵蚀现象的发生.实施水土保持措施是必要且有效的.应该进一步完善梯田、台地谷坊的建设.

外文标题：Investigation on Rainstorm Flood and Soil Erosion in"23·7"Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region—A Case Study at Lincheng County,Xingtai City,Hebei Province

外文摘要：[Objective]Investigations on rainstorm and flood processes and soil and water conservation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from July 29 to August 1,2023(referried as"7·23")were carried out,and the rainstorm and flood processes in small basins and soil erosion caused by rainstorm were analyzed,in order to provide scientific support for soil and water conservation decision-making.[Methods]Field survey methods were used,in which flood marks were measured and investigated at Huangmi xigou and the Liangjiazhuang donggou of Lincheng County,Xingtai City,Hebei Province.The flood peak discharge modulus was calculated to analyze the erosion damage caused by rainstorm floods to small watersheds.[Results]① The rainfall lasted for a long time and was strong.The cumulative rainfall in the Liangjiazhuang donggou valley and the Huangmi xigou valley reached 1 008.5 mm and 613.6 mm,respectively.② According to the flood mark survey,the peak discharge modulus of the Huangmi xigou and the Liangjiazhuang donggou watersheds were 10.80 m3/(s·km2)and 36.07 m3/(s·km2),respectively.Slope and soil and water conservation measures were the main factors affecting flood peak discharge.Larger slopes will increase flood peak discharge,and soil and water conservation measures could play an effective role in peak reduction.③ The investigated small watersheds were located in the upper reaches of the river basin,which is the main runoff producing area of the rainstorm center and flood.The peak flood discharge modulus of the small watersheds was larger than that of the downstream hydrology station.④ The erosion situation of the Liangjiazhuang donggou was more serious than that of the Huangmi xigou,mainly due to the following reasons:the area proportion of orchards,terraces,and check dams in the Huangmi xigou was larger than that of the Huangmi west ditch;the average slope of the Huangmi xigou was smaller than that of the Liangjiazhuang donggou;and the peak duration of rainfall at the Liangjiazhuang rain-measuring station was longer.[Conclusion]Optimized soil and water conservation measures can effectively reduce the occurrence of flood peak discharge and erosion phenomenon.The implementation of soil and water conservation measures is necessary and effective.The construction of terraces and terrace valleys must be further improved.

外文关键词：

extreme rainfallstorm surveypeak discharge modulusland use typesoil and water conservation measuresBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

作者：

李天毅、戴宁、丛佩娟、陈恒昌、贾继宏、李扬、贵欣瑞

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作者单位：

水利部水土保持监测中心,北京 100053

西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安 710048

河北省临城县水务局,河北临城 054399

关键词：

极端暴雨暴雨调查洪峰流量模数土地利用类型水土保持措施京津冀地区

基金：

国家自然科学基金黄河水科学联合基金国家重点研发计划黄河中游多沙粗沙区风水复合侵蚀协同治理技术与示范项目&&

项目编号：

U22432132022YFF1300804022022YFF130080403

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.017

水土保持通报

中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所水利部水土保持监测中心

水土保持通报

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.658

ISSN：1000-288X

年,卷(期)：2024.44(2)

参考文献量18