[目的]探究种植不同宿根花卉对黄河三角洲土壤盐分和养分的影响，为选择合适的宿根花卉进行盐渍土生态改良提供物种参考，助力黄河国家战略和盐碱区域美丽乡村建设。[方法]以种植马蔺(Iris lactea)、紫穗狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides subsp。purple)、常夏石竹(Dianthus plumarius)、天人菊(Gaillardia pulchella)、大花萱草(Hemerocallis hybrida)和八宝景天(Sedum spectabile)的土壤为研究对象，以未种植宿根花卉的裸地土壤为对照，分析花卉种植对土壤含盐量、电导率、Na+，Cl-，速效钾和有效磷含量的影响。[结果]①种植宿根花卉对黄河三角洲盐渍土具有一定的生态调控效果。种植马蔺和紫穗狼尾草可显著降低0-10 cm 土层的含盐量，同时马蔺对10-20 cm 土层的含盐量也有一定的降低效果，电导率与含盐量趋势一致。②天人菊、常夏石竹可显著降低0-10 cm 土层的Na+和Cl-含量;马蔺和天人菊对土壤中Cl-去除效果较好。③不同宿根花卉对表土层速效钾含量影响不显著，而种植不同宿根花卉可降低10-20 cm 土层的有效磷含量，紫穗狼尾草降低效果较小。[结论]种植马蔺、紫穗狼尾草对盐渍土的改良效果较好，在选择宿根花卉进行黄河三角洲地区盐渍土的生态改良时可优先考虑;大花萱草居中;常夏石竹、天人菊、八宝景天较差。
Effects of Different Perennial Flowers on Salinity and Nutrients in Saline Soil of Yellow River Delta
[Objective]The effects of planting different perennial flowers on soil salinity and nutrients in the Yellow River delta were explored,in order to provide species reference for selecting suitable perennial flowers for ecological improvement of saline soil and assist the national strategy of the Yellow River and the construction of beautiful villages in saline-alkali areas.[Methods]The bare soil without planting perennial flowers was taken as the control,the soils planted with Iris lactea,Pennisetum alopecuroides subsp.purple,Dianthus plumarius,Gaillardia pulchella,Hemerocallis hybrida,and Sedum spectabile were examined to find the effects of perennial flowers planting on the soil salt content,electrical conductivity,Na+,Cl-,available potassium,and available phosphorus content.[Results]① The perennial flower planting showed ecological regulation effects on saline soil in the Yellow River Delta.Among them,I.lactea and P.alopecuroides significantly reduced the salt content in the 0-10 cm soil.At the same time,I.lactea also had a certain effect on reducing the salt content of 10-20 cm soil layer,and the trend of conductivity was consistent with the salt content.② The contents of Na+and Cl-in the 0-10 cm soils were significantly reduced by G.pulchella and D.plumarius,and the removal effect of soil Cl-by I.lactea and G.pulchella was significant.③ Perennial flowers had no significant effect on the content of available potassium in topsoil but reduced the content of available phosphorus in the 10-20 cm soils except P.alopecuroides.[Conclusion]The improvement effect of I.lactea and P.alopecuroides on saline soil was better,and they could be given priority when selecting perennial flowers for ecological improvement of saline soil in the Yellow River delta.H.hybrida had the medium effect,whereas D.plumarius,G.pulchella and S.spectabile had poor effects.
Yellow River deltasaline soilperennial flowerssoil salinitysoil nutrients
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