Effects of ground cover on the niches of main insect pests and their natural enemies in peach orchard
Taking the peach orchards with and without ground cover Trifolium repens as test ob jects, an investigation was made on the quantities of main insect pests and their natural enemies on peach trees, with the niches of the insect pests and natural enemies measured. Among the main msect pests, Aromia bungii in the peach orchard with ground cover T. repens had the widest horizontal niche breadth ( 0. 999) , Halyomorpha halys had the widest vertical niche breadth ( 0. 964 ) and widest time niche breadth (0. 795 ) , while the corresponding values in the orchard without T. repens were 0. 918, 0. 792, and 0. 632, respectively. Among the natural enemies, spiders in the peach orchard with ground cover T. repens had the widest horizontal niche (0. 996) , widest vertical niche (0. 983 ) , and widest time niche ( 0. 932) , while the corre sponding values in the peach orchard without T. repens were 0. 900, 0. 800, and 0. 818, respec tively. The three-dimensional niche of the mam msect pests in peach orchard with ground covei T. repens was Halyomorpha halys ＞ Cicadellidae ＞ Fulgoridae ＞ Aphididae ＞ Lyonetia clerkella ＞ Dichocrocis punctiferalis ＞ Aromia bungii ＞ Grapholitha molesta ＞ Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, while that in the peach orchard without T. repens was Aphididae ＞ Cicadellidae ＞ Halyomorpha halys ＞ Aromia bungii ＞ Grapholitha molesta ＞ Fulgoridae ＞ Pseudaulacaspis pentagona ＞ Lyone tia clerkella ＞ Dichocrocis punctiferalis. The three-dimensional niche of the main natural enemies in peach orchard with ground cover T. repens was spider ＞ Orius spp. ＞ Chrysopa ＞ parasitic wasp ＞ Coccinellidae ＞ Syrphidae, while that in the peach orchard without T. repens was spider ＞ Chrysopa ＞ Coccinellidae ＞ Parasitic wasp ＞ OriuS spp. ＞ Syrphidae. The OriuS spp. , Coc cinellidae, Syrphidae, and parasitic wasp in the peach orchard without T. repens all showed an evidence of delayed activity. The three-dimensional niches of natural enemy Orius spp. and main insect-pests overlapped greater in the orchard with T. repens than in that without T. repens, and the temporal synchrony and spatial similarity of natural enemies and insect-pests were overall su perior in the orchard with T. repens. Our results showed the positive effect of planting clover as ground cover on the biological control of insect pests in peach orchard.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
