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中国石漠化地区碳流失原因与固碳增汇技术原理探讨

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
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石漠化的发生发展和迅速扩张,是导致中国喀斯特生态系统碳流失的主要原因,而石漠化地区固碳潜力巨大,是国家固碳增汇的主要地区之一.为了增强石漠化地区生态系统的固碳能力,基于喀斯特小流域是石漠化治理的基本生态水文地质单元的科学认识,使用遥感和地理信息系统,结合流域内物质组成结构与循环交换特征等,对中国南方喀斯特生态系统进行了小流域类型的划分与剖析.针对区域社会经济的优先发展方向和环境承载力,提出了不同类型小流域石漠化治理和固碳增汇的设计方案,建立了喀斯特“高原集雨灌溉型高效生态农业模式”、“峰丛洼地人工种草替代型草食畜牧业模式”、“峡谷型发挥光热资源优势的特色林果模式”、“槽谷型发挥水土资源优势的竹果产业模式”,为石漠化地区发展现代农业、推进区域经济发展和生态文明建设提供借鉴和参考.
Carbon loss reasons and carbon sequestration technology of karst rocky desertification region in China
Rapid development and expansion of rocky desertification are the main cause of karst ecosystem carbon loss in China.However,the rocky desertification areas have a tremendous potential of carbon sequestration,and are one of the main battlefields of carbon sequestration.Based on the scientific understanding that karst small watershed is a basic eco-hydrogeological unit of rocky desertification governance,we analyzed the watershed structure,matter composition,exchange and cycle characteristics,and classified the small karst watershed ecosystems in South China using RS and GIS,in order to promote ecosystem carbon sequestration capacity in this region.Based on local economic and social development priorities and environmental carrying capacity,the design schemes of rocky desertification restoration and carbon sequestration for different types of small karst watershed were put forward.Some typical ecological restoration models were established,such as "developing efficient ecological agriculture by rainwater harvesting and irrigation in karst plateau","developing plant-eating animal husbandry by planting artificial grass in karst depression","developing featured fruit industry by using solar-thermal resource advantages of karst valley","developing bamboo and fruit industry by using water and soil resources of karst trough valley".These models provide reference for the development of modern agriculture,local economy,and ecological civilization in rocky desertification region.

karstrocky desertificationcarbon losscarbon sequestration

白晓永、王世杰、刘秀明、容丽、苏以荣、周运超、宋同清

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中国科学院地球化学研究所,环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002

中国科学院普定喀斯特生态系统观测研究站,贵州普定562100

中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125

喀斯特 石漠化 碳流失 固碳增汇

国家重点基础研究发展计划项目国家科技支撑计划项目贵州省农业攻关计划项目贵阳市科技局项目贵州省科技计划项目“西部之光”之西部博士专项

2013CB9567042014BA03B02黔科合NY字20143039号筑合同[2012205]号黔科合重大专项字20126015号科发人数字2012179号

2015

生态学杂志
中国生态学学会

生态学杂志

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子：1.439
ISSN：1000-4890
年,卷(期)：2015.34(6)
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