Stable isotope signatures and driving factors of copepods from the northwest Pacific Ocean
Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values(δ13C and δ15N,respectively)of zooplankton can reflect envi-ronmental changes in marine and are commonly used to establish a stable isotopic baseline.In this study,copepods were collected from the northwest Pacific Ocean in March(spring)and September(autumn)of 2019.We investi-gated the impacts of morphological characteristics of copepods and environmental factors on stable isotopic values.The results showed that the morphological characteristics(length,area,and volume)of copepods were significantly higher in spring than that in autumn(P<0.05),and that the δ15N values were significantly positively correlated with morphological characteristics in both seasons.For 813C values,only copepods in spring had a significant posi-tive correlation with morphological characteristics,probably due to the similar distances between sampling locations and Japan islands in autumn with similar carbon sources.Results of the generalized additive model(GAM)showed that the seasonal variations of δ13 C and δ15N values in copepods were mainly correlated to chlorophyll-a concentra-tion and water temperature at 50 m depth.These findings provide basic information for further studies of stable iso-tope ecology of marine organisms in the northwest Pacific Ocean.