为了解黄土区不同土层土壤容重分布特征及其影响因素,本研究以晋西黄土区蔡家川流域为对象,运用经典统计学和地统计学方法分析了蔡家川流域98个样点不同土层(0～20、20～40、40～60、60～80和80～100 cm)土壤容重的分布特征以及主要影响因子及其贡献率.结果表明:(1)土壤容重介于0.79～1.78 g·cm-3,在0～100 cm深的土层中随土层深度的增加而增加;土壤容重变异程度随土层深度的增加而减小,在0～40和40～100 cm处分别表现为中等和弱度变异.(2)土壤容重在0～40 cm 土层的最佳拟合模型为高斯模型,在40～100 cm 土层为指数模型;随土层增加土壤容重空间依赖性下降,在0～20、20～60和60～100 cm 土层分别呈强度、中度和弱度空间依赖.(3)0～40 cm 土层土壤容重主要受植被和土壤因素影响,而40～100 cm土层土壤容重主要受海拔和土壤因素的影响,表明30多年植被恢复对土壤容重的影响主要集中于表层.以上结果对深入认知植被恢复背景下区域土壤容重分布规律、科学评估区域植被恢复生态效益和生态服务具有重要参考价值.
Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil bulk density at different soil layers in typical small watershed in loess region of western Shanxi Province
To understand the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil bulk density across different soil layers in the loess region,we measured soil bulk density at 0-20,20-40,40-60,60-80,and 80-100 cm layers in 98 locations in Caijiachuan watershed in the loess region of western Shanxi.We analyzed the distribution characteristics,the main influencing factors of each soil layer and their contribution rates to soil bulk density by using classical statistics and geostatistics methods.The results showed that:(1)Soil bulk density ranged from 0.79-1.78 g·cm-3,and increased with increasing soil depth in the 0-100 cm depth.The variation of soil bulk density decreased with increasing soil depth.(2)Gaussian model was the best fitting model for soil bulk density at 0-40 cm layer,while exponential model was the best fitting model at 40-100 cm layer.The spatial dependence of soil bulk density decreased with increasing soil depth,showing strong,moderate and weak spatial dependence at 0-20,20-60 and 60-100 cm layers,respectively.(3)Soil bulk density at 0-40 cm layer was mainly affected by vegetation and soil factors,while that at 40-100 cm soil layer was mainly affected by elevation and soil factors,suggesting that the effects of vegetation restoration on soil bulk density were mainly concentrated in the surface lay-er.Our results provide important reference for in-depth understanding of regional soil bulk density distribution under the vegetation restoration and scientific assessment of regional ecological benefits and ecological services of vegeta-tion restoration.
soil bulk densitysoil layervegetation restorationloess region
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