贵州省典型铅锌矿区和贵阳市居民汞暴露以及健康风险评估
Mercury exposure and health risk assessment in typical lead-zinc mining areas and Guiyang City
王达卫 1孔林 2徐晓航 3韩佳良 3刘杰民 4仇广乐3
作者信息
- 1. 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳 550081;中国科学院大学,北京 100049
- 2. 贵州医科大学公共卫生学院环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵阳 550025
- 3. 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳 550081
- 4. 贵州省人民医院,贵阳 550002
- 折叠
摘要
选择贵州省赫章县铅锌矿区和贵阳市居民区,采集了居民日用食物(大米、土豆、鸡蛋、蔬菜、鱼肉、猪肉)、饮用水和农作物根际土壤,共计503个,测定了总汞和甲基汞的含量,并结合蒙特卡洛模拟评估了居民无机汞和甲基汞暴露风险.结果如下:(1)铅锌矿区的样品总汞和甲基汞的范围分别为0.11～39和0.028～1.7 ng·g-1,城市居民区的样品总汞和甲基汞的范围分别为0.07～18和0.01～7.7 ng·g-1,除蔬菜外的样品总汞含量低于我国食品限量标准,蔬菜总汞含量分别有14.7％(铅锌矿区)和17.7％(城市居民区)的样品超过我国《食品安全国家标准》(GB 2672-2017)规定的10 ng·g-1.(2)两个地区无机汞日暴露量无差异(城市居民区:0.031μg·kg-1·d-1,铅锌矿区:0.032μg·kg-1·d-1),但城市居民区的甲基汞日暴露量(0.006μg·kg-1·d-1)高出铅锌矿区(0.0032 μg·kg-1·d-1)近1倍.(3)两个地区居民无机汞和甲基汞的平均日暴露量分别低于联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)推荐的人体安全无机汞的临时容许每周摄入量(PTWI)4μg·kg-1·week-1和美国环境保护署(USEPA)推荐的甲基汞参考剂量(RfD)0.1 μg·kg-1·d-1,暴露风险指数均小于1,表明处于健康安全水平.
Abstract
To assess food contamination levels of organic(MeHg)and inorganic mercury associated with mining and urban environments in Guizhou,we analyzed 503 samples from Hezhang County(lead-zinc mining area)and Guiyang.The health risk associated with dietary consumption was assessed using Monte Carlo simulations.The high-est levels of total mercury were 39 and 18 ng·g-1 in the samples from the mining area and the urban residential ar-ea,respectively.The corresponding highest measurement values for MeHg were 1.7 and 7.7 ng·g-1,respectively.The investigated foodstuffs such as rice,potatoes,chicken eggs,fish,pork did not contain significant levels of mercury contamination,with the exception of certain vegetables that frequently showed levels above the current limit standard of 10 ng·g-1.14.7％(lead/zinc mining area)and 17.7％(residential area)of vegetable samples excee-ded the limit specified in China's National Food Safety Standard(GB 2672-2017).Dietary inorganic mercury exposure was similar for food with different origins(residential area:0.031 μg·kg-1·d-1,lead-zinc mining area:0.032 μg·kg-1·d-1),while exposure to organic mercury was nearly twice greater in the urban environment(6.0 vs.3.2 ng·kg-1·d-1).In general,the average daily exposure to inorganic mercury and MeHg was lower than the provisional weekly tolerable intake(PTWI)of 4 μg·kg-1·week-1 for IHg by WHO/JECFA and the reference dose(RfD)of 0.1 μg·kg-1·d-1 for MeHg established by USEPA,respectively.Hazard index in both regions was much less than unity,suggesting no obvious non-carcinogenic health risks.
关键词
铅锌矿区/贵阳市居民区/无机汞/甲基汞/风险评估Key words
lead-zinc mining area/Guiyang city/inorganic mercury/methylmercury/risk assessment引用本文复制引用
基金项目
贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y140)
贵州高层次创新型人才项目(黔科合平台人才[2020]6016)
国家自然科学基金(81560773)
国家自然科学基金(82060850)
国家自然科学基金(42003065)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据