Swimming trajectory and kinematic pattern of red crucian carp in a sudden expansion flow field
Clarifying the response mechanism of fish swimming to surrounding flow environment is important for eco-logical protection and bionic application of fishes.Using high speed video technology and ANSYS FLUENT numeri-cal simulation software,we monitored the swimming behaviors of red crucian carp in a sudden expansion flow and investigated the trajectory and kinematic pattern of fish in flow with different hydraulic parameters.By analyzing the variation of body profiles during swimming,the kinematic parameters(tail beat frequency,head swing angle,flap-ping amplitude,wavelength and wave speed of body deformation)were measured and the relationships between the kinematic parameters and the flow parameters were analyzed.The results showed that red crucian carp exploited two typical migration trajectories in the flow field,namely,directly backtracking upstream along the mainstream and meandering upstream around the backflow.When backtracking along the mainstream directly,the motion of fish was similar to that in the uniform flow field,in which the kinematic parameters such as swimming speed,tail beat fre-quency,head swing angle,tail flap amplitude increased with increasing local flow velocity.When meandering around the reflux area,the motion of fish was different from that in uniform flow,with the kinematic parameters var-ying greatly as its position changing in the flow field.Swing frequency was the single kinematic parameter showing a significant correlation with local flow velocity.There were obvious correlations between head swing angle and tail swing amplitude,deformation wavelength and motion phase difference under this mode.Our results deepen the understanding of swimming mechanism of fish in complex flow fields and provide basic support for bionic application and ecological protection of fishes.
red crucian carpsudden expansion flow fieldswimming behaviorkinematic characteristics
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
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