间伐对福建山区杉木人工林凋落物水文特征的影响
Effects of thinning on hydrological characteristics of litters in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in moun-tainous area of Fujian Province
陈家琛 1蒋政 2伍雄辉 3曹光球 1曹世江1
作者信息
- 1. 福建农林大学林学院,福州 350002;国家林草局杉木工程技术研究中心,福州 350002
- 2. 福建农林大学林学院,福州 350002
- 3. 福建农林大学林学院,福州 350002;福建省南方森林资源与环境工程技术研究中心,福州 350002
- 折叠
摘要
分析间伐对杉木凋落物储量和水文特征的影响,可为科学构建杉木人工林结构、更好发挥其水源涵养功能提供科学依据.以福建省洋口国有林场13年生杉木人工林为研究对象,采取完全随机区组试验设计,布设未间伐(CK,对照)、轻(LIT)、中(MIT)、重度(HIT)4种间伐强度,应用野外调查和室内浸泡相结合的实验方法,分析4种间伐处理下杉木人工林各分解层凋落物储量、吸水特征、拦蓄能力.结果表明:4种间伐处理杉木凋落物储量为4105～7184 kg·hm-2,中度间伐凋落物储量较轻、重度间伐显著提高21.06％、75.06％(P＜0.05),半分解层凋落物储量是未分解层的3.38倍.未分解、半分解凋落物持水量(W)、吸水速率(V)与浸水时间关系符合对数(W=a+blnt)和幂(V=ktn)函数模型,前者在4 h前增加迅速,后者在0～4 h迅速衰减.半分解层持水量、吸水速率大于未分解层,中度间伐处理高于其余3种处理.间伐显著改变了凋落物层最大持水量(14011～23600 kg·hm-2)、最大拦蓄量(10450～17840 kg·hm-2)、有效拦蓄量(8340～14310 kg·hm-2),以中度间伐效果最好,半分解层凋落物水文特征值大于未分解层.建议该地区杉木人工林经营管理,宜采取中度间伐,实现森林水源涵养效益最大化.
Abstract
Analyzing the effects of thinning on litter storage and hydrological characteristics can provide a scientific support for the establishment of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantation and the improvement of its water-conserving function.A randomized block experiment was designed in a 13-year-old Chinese fir plantation in the Yangkou State-owned Forest Farm in Fujian Province,with four thinning intensities:no thinning(control),light,moderate,and high thinning intensity.We analyzed the litter storage capacity,water absorption characteris-tics,and interception capacity of each decomposition layer of the Chinese fir plantation under the four thinning in-tensities using field investigation and indoor immersion methods.The litter stock under the four treatments ranged from 4150 kg·hm-2 to 7148 kg·hm-2.The litter accumulation under the moderate thinning was 21.06％and 75.06％higher than that under light and high thinning,respectively,and the litter stock in the half-decomposed layer was 3.38 times of that in the undecomposed layer.The relationship between water capacity(W),water absorption rate(V)and immersion time of undecomposed and half-decomposed litters was described with the func-tion models of W=a+blnt and V=ktn,respectively.The former increased rapidly before 4 h,while the latter decreased rapidly from 0 to 4 h.The water holding capacity and water absorption rate of the half-decomposed layer were higher than those of the undecomposed layer,and were higher in the moderate thinning treatment than in the other three treatments.Thinning significantly changed the maximum water holding capacity(14011-23600 kg·hm-2),maximum storage capacity(10450-17840 kg·hm-2)and effective storage capacity(8340-14310 kg·hm-2)of litter layer,with the strongest effect of the moderate thinning.The values of the hydrological charac-teristics of litter were greater in the half-decomposed layer than in the undecomposed layer.It is suggested that mod-erate thinning should be adopted in the management of Chinese fir plantations in this area to maximize the benefit of forest water conservation.
关键词
间伐/杉木/凋落物/水文特征Key words
thinning/Cunninghamia lanceolata/litter/hydrological characteristics引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(十四五)(2021YFD2201302)
国家自然科学基金(71201800739)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据