Climate characteristics of Yani National Wetland Park in Tibet
We analyzed climate characteristics in the Yani wetland by carrying out climate monitoring by a standard automatic weather station in Yani National Wetland Park,Nyingchi City,Tibet Autonomous Region.During the pe-riod of 2019 to 2021,annual total radiation of the study area was 7474.25 MJ·m-2;near ground annual net radia-tion was 3507.83 MJ·m-2,with the daily average being greater than 0 MJ·m-2.Photosynthetically active radia-tion was 11410.39 mol·m-2.The total radiation,near ground annual net radiation,and photosynthetically active radiation in summer were 2260.91 MJ·m-2,1249.94 MJ·m-2,and 3483.62 mol·m-2,respectively.During the study period,annual total radiation was more than 6300 MJ·m-2.The richness and stability of solar energy re-sources were at grade A.The average annual near-surface temperature in the wetland area was 10.09 ℃,and the highest temperature was in August with an average value of 17.39 ℃.The average temperature in January was 1.19 ℃.During the observational period,the near-surface air temperature showed an overall rising trend,with a rate of 0.18 ℃·a-1.The mean annual precipitation was 470.1 mm,which mainly concentrated in summer.The precipita-tion was 258.9 mm between June and September and only 15.03 mm in winter(January to February and Decem-ber).The annual average wind speed was 5.8 m·s-1,and the maximum daily average wind speed was 7.38 m·s-1 from January to June.The minimum daily average wind speed was 4.3 m·s-1 from July to September.South and southwest winds prevailed in the region,accounting for 85.4％of the days of a year.The variation of soil tempera-ture showed a unimodal curve and was relatively stable.The average annual soil temperature of 0-40 cm in depth was 13.38 ℃,and soil heat budget was characterized by heat absorption from mid-February to mid-September,and heat loss from mid-September to mid-February of next year.The oxygen content of air showed a decreasing trend,being less in summer than in winter.The annual average oxygen content of air was 83.5％-87.8％,with a decrea-sing rate of 2.0％·a-1.Collectively,the Yani wetland area has strong solar radiation and rich resources of light en-ergy.The high level of heat,rainfall,and wetness indicate that the area is in a sub-humid zone.The annual tem-perature range increases and the warming and humidifying process appears clearly,which is consistent with the trend of climate change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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