Research progress in plant and soil microbial diversity in forest-grassland ecotone
Forest-grassland ecotone is a cline of plant communities between forest and grassland.This ecotone is characterized by diverse landscape types,strong environmental heterogeneity,and evident edge effects.Forest-grassland ecotone is sensitive to global climate change,and serves as critical zones of biodiversity conservation.Because of its special habitat,above-and belowground biodiversity and ecological linkages of the forest-grassland ecotone is far more complicated than other ecosystems,such as forests,grasslands and farmlands.Here,we re-viewed the effects of topographic factors,nutrient cycling of ecosystems,global changes,and anthropogenic disturb-ances on plant diversity in forest-grassland ecotone.We also discussed the effects of land use types,nitrogen depo-sition,atmospheric CO2 enrichment,litterfall,soil organic matter content,and soil depth on soil microbial diversi-ty.Future studies should focus on research approaches that combine manipulative experiments of local scale with ob-servations crossing environmental gradients,so as to reveal the geographical pattern and ecological mechanism of biodiversity formation in forest-grassland ecotone.Specifically,this includes how biodiversity responds to soil acidi-fication,fire,litter composition,enclosure and grazing,and interactions of multi-factors as well as ecological linka-ges between above-and belowground biodiversity and degraded habitat restoration and vegetation recovery.This would provide theoretical guidance and data reference for land use and biodiversity conservation in the forest-grass-land ecotone.
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