Spatial variation in functional traits of canopy leaves of major species in broad-leaved Korean pine forests in Changbai Mountain
Functional trait difference among species is one of the central issues in species coexistence.However,the effects of intraspecific variation in functional traits on species coexistence and distribution remain unclear.Based on a forest canopy tower crane platform,we explored the variations in leaf morphology,physiological,and biochem-ical functional traits of ten dominant tree species along the canopy vertical gradient from a broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountain.Leaf thickness,leaf mass per area,flavonoid,effective photochemical quantum yield,and leaf C/N tended to increase with increasing canopy height.Leaf functional traits varied significantly among tree species.Interspecific variations significantly affected morphological and chemical traits.Intraspecific variations con-tributed more to the variations of physiological traits,which was higher in the upper canopy than in the lower cano-py.The interspecific variation was not significant along the vertical gradient.The significant variations of leaf func-tional traits among vertical canopy gradients demonstrated the importance of the interspecific variations for species coexistence in the broad-leaved Korean pine forest,but the intraspecific variations cannot be ignored.
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