摘要
针对松嫩平原西部立地杨树树种配置问题,对比分析了15年林龄小黑杨(Populus simonii × P.nigra)、黑青杨(P.euramericana"N3016"× P.ussuriensis)和银中杨(P.alba × P.berolinensis)生长、木材属性和形态生理学特征.结果表明:银中杨和黑青杨生长(株高、胸径)优于小黑杨(P＜0.05),材积量分别是小黑杨(0.08 m3·株-1)的3.5和2.8倍;木材绝对含水率表现为黑青杨(140％)＞小黑杨(110％)＞银中杨(73％),但木材密度则为银中杨(0.45 g·cm-3)＞小黑杨(0.42 g·cm-3)＞黑青杨(0.38 g·cm-3),木材pH和半纤维素含量在3个树种间差异显著(P＜0.05),而纤维素和木质素含量差异不显著;树种间树干解剖结构和枝叶形态特征差异显著(P＜0.05):银中杨年轮宽度、导管数量、理论导水率、枝基部截面积/枝长、叶面积显著高于其他2个树种,但冠幅和叶/枝鲜重比则显著低于其他树种;3个树种叶片N、P、K含量均显著高于枝(P＜0.05);银中杨叶片N、叶绿素和游离氨基酸含量显著高于其他树种,但叶片NO3--N、NH4+-N和C/P则显著低于其他2个树种(P＜0.05);黑青杨叶片非结构碳水化合物含量、C/N、C/K显著高于其他2个树种;银中杨叶片光化学效率显著高于小黑杨,叶片N/K显著高于黑青杨.综上,松嫩平原西部宜优先配置银中杨,从木材属性看,黑青杨不宜替代小黑杨.
Abstract
Aiming to optimize site-species matching in western Songnen Plain,we compared growth performance,wood properties,and morpho-physiological characters of 15-year-old Populus simonii × P.nigra(XH),P.eu-ramericana"N3016"× P.ussuriensis(HQ)and P.alba × P.berolinensis(YZ).The results showed that height and diameter at breast height of YZ and HQ were significantly greater than that of XH(P＜0.05),with the timber volumes being 3.5 and 2.8 times of XH(0.08 m3·individual-1),respectively.Wood absolute water content fol-lowed an order of HQ(140％)＞HX(110％)＞YZ(73％),whereas the absolute dry density followed an order of YZ(0.45 g·cm-3)＞HX(0.42 g·cm-3)＞HQ(0.38 g·cm-3).Wood pH and hemicellulose content rather cellulose and lignin content differed significantly among the three species.There were significant differences in xy-lem anatomy and branch-leaf morphological characters among the species,with YZ having the highest tree-ring width,vessel number,theoretical water conductivity,branch basal area/length ratios and leaf area but the lowest crown width and fresh-weight ratios of leaves and branches.Generally,the concentrations of N,P and K in leaves were significantly higher than that of branches(P＜0.05)for the three species.YZ had significantly higher concen-trations of N,chlorophyll,free amino acids,but lower concentrations of NO3--N,NH4+-N,and ratios of C/P(P＜0.05)in leaf,than the other two species.HQ had significantly higher concentrations of non-structural carbohy-drates and ratios of C/N and C/K in leaf than the other species.YZ had significantly higher leaf photochemical effi-ciency than XH and higher leaf ratios of N/K than HQ.In summary,YZ can be preferentially selected for planting in western Songnen Plain.However,in the perspective of wood properties,HQ may not be an appropriate species in comparison with XH.
基金项目
"十四五"国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFD2201205)
维普
万方数据