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拉萨河流域水沙过程模拟及对植被覆盖和气候变化的响应

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针对青藏高原日趋严重的水土流失现象,以位于青藏高原中南部的拉萨河流域为研究区域,通过搭建流域月尺度SWAT模型,探究植被覆盖和气候变化对流域水沙演变的影响.主要结论如下:(1)SWAT模型适用于拉萨河流域水沙模拟.(2)1991-2010年植被覆盖整体上呈退化趋势,植被覆盖变化对年径流变化的影响较弱,而流域输沙量对植被覆盖变化的敏感程度较显著,尤其在极端恶劣植被覆盖情景下,流域年均输沙量增加约70.15％.(3)气温升高2℃时,降水变化率每增加10％,年径流和年输沙量变化率则分别增加16.01％和28.70％.不同气候变化情景下,输沙量和径流的变化趋势并非总是完全一致.
The Simulation of Runoff and Sediment Transport and Their Responses to the Climate Change and Vegetation Cover
This paper aims to investigate the influence of the change in climate and vegetation cover on runoff and sediment dis-charge based on SWAT hydrological model in the Lhasa River Basin,which is located in Tibet Plateau characterized by serious soil erosion.The main findings are:(1)The SWAT model is applicable to the simulation of monthly runoff and sediment dis-charge in the study area during the historical period.(2)The vegetation degradation is detected during 1990-2010;the change in vegetation cover shows greater influence on the sediment discharge than the annual runoff.Particularly under the scenario of seri-ous vegetation degradation,the annual mean sediment discharge could increase by 70.15％.(3)For 2 ℃ increment in temperature and every 10％increment in precipitation,water and sediment discharge grow by about 16.01％and 28.70％,respectively.The variation trend in the mean runoff is not always in accord with the mean sediment discharge under different climate scenarios.

SWAT modelthe Lhasa River Basinthe simulation of runoff and sediment transportvegetation coverclimate change

王兆来、谷黄河、王晓燕、代斌、张瀚文、付晓雷、余钟波

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河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京 210098

河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京 210098

上海勘测设计研究院有限公司,上海 200335

扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州 225009

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SWAT模型 拉萨河流域 水沙模拟 植被覆盖类型 气候变化

国家自然科学基金资助项目国家自然科学基金资助项目中央高校基本科研业务费水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室专项水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室专项水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室专项

4227102042277074B21020200252101312220214906112020490611

2023

10.19797/j.cnki.1000-0852.20220300

水文
水利部水文局 水利部水利信息中心

水文

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子：0.742
ISSN：1000-0852
年,卷(期)：2023.43(6)
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