Changes of Glacier Area in Kaidu River Basin and Its Contribution to Runoff during Melting Seasons
Under the background of global warming,the influence of possible changes of glaciers and glacier water resources on runoff is the key content of continuous concern in the hydrological field.This study quantitatively evaluates the contribution of gla-cial meltwater to runoff and explores the relationship between glacier,runoff and climate by analyzing the changing trend of gla-cial area and meltwater in Kaidu River Basin.The results show that the proportion of glacier area in the basin is small,with an average coverage of about 1.55％.There are many small-scale glaciers,about 78.17％of which are distributed on the scale less than 0.5 km2,showing a declining trend as a whole.From 2009 to 2018,the glacier area decreased by 3.69％,and the number of glaciers decreased by 1.33％.During 2014-2021,the runoff,glacial meltwater and precipitation all increased at first and then de-creased,among which the summer runoff was as high as 15.48×108 m3,which was more than twice that of other seasons,and the glacial meltwater in the melting season was about 9.96×108 m3,with an average contribution rate of 54.3％,which was an impor-tant part of runoff.The correlation between precipitation and river runoff is higher than that between temperature and river runoff and temperature is the dominant factor affecting the change of glacial meltwater in the basin.The research results are of great sig-nificance to deepen the understanding of the changes of river runoff process and the utilization of water resources.
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