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遭受攻击的生态系统应急恢复机理分析与研究

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土地利用、气候变化、氮沉积和大气浓度CO2等导致生境丧失以及外来物种入侵都可以看成是对生态系统的各种攻击,在外界干扰下研究生态系统应急恢复策略对保护生态系统具有重要的现实意义.本文首先建立生态系统的网络模型,将生态系统遭受攻击时的响应问题归结为生态网络模型发生级联失效过程中的网络抗毁性和崩溃问题.其次,利用物种负载、容量、最大承载量和恢复概率等指标研究在应急恢复条件下大规模网络级联失效,以及这些指标与网络抗毁性和网络崩溃速度之间的关联.最后,针对特定的阔叶混交林生态系统,通过数值仿真给出了该生态系统发生级联失效的系统稳定性阈值rh和βh均为0.35,当r>rh或β>βh时,关键物种的灭绝不会引起大规模网络级联失效而崩溃,当r<rh或β<βh,关键物种的灭绝更容易导致网络瘫痪.研究结论为生态系统保护和防范与控制提供科学依据.
Emergency Recovery Mechanism Analysis and Research on Attacked Ecosystem
The Land utilization,climate change,nitrogen deposition,Carbon dioxide can lead to loss of habitat with invasion of alien species can be seen as a variety of attacks on ecosystem.Studying emergency recovery strategy under the interference ecosystems has an important practical significance for ecological system protection.In this paper,we firstly establish ecological system of the network model.It attributes the response of attacked ecosystem to network invulnerability and crashes in the process of the ecological network model cascading failure.Secondly,use the species load,capacity,maximum load and recovery probability to research on network cascade failure on the condition of emergency and the interaction between these indicators with the invulnerability and the speed of network collapse.Finally,for a certain broad leaf mixed forest ecological system,it shows that the stability threshold rh and βh of ecological system occur cascade failure are 0.35 through numerical simulation.When r > rh or β > βh,the extinction of key species will not cause large scale network cascade failure and collapse and r < rh or β < βh the extinction of key species are more likely to lead to the network paralysis.The research conclusion provide a scientific basis for ecosystem protection.

Ecological NetworkCritical ThresholdCascading FailuresInvulnerabilityCollapse speed

燕慧娟、华静、李医民

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江苏大学理学院,江苏镇江212013

生态网络 临界阈值 级联故障 抗毁性 崩溃速度

2016

生物数学学报
中国数学会生物数学学会

生物数学学报

ISSN:1001-9626
年,卷(期):2016.(4)
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