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空间微生物研究及生物工程应用

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研究空间环境或模拟空间环境下的微生物行为及胁迫响应机制,有助于理解极端环境下微生物的适应性和进化性原理,对航天育种、科学指导航天任务、推动载人航天事业发展以及太空探索均具有重要意义.分析了微生物对空间环境的影响,介绍了空间微生物的研究方法和设备,综述了微重力、太空辐射等空间环境下微生物的生长与形态、细胞传质、次级代谢产物、免疫特性、生物膜形成、DNA损伤和胁迫响应等分子机制,深入探讨了空间微生物研究的价值,并对航天育种应用和生物医学工程应用等方向进行了展望.
Space microbiology and its bioengineering applications
Investigating the behavior and response mechanisms of microorganisms in space environments or simulated space environ-ments aids in understanding their adaptability and evolutionary principles in extreme conditions.In this study,the impacts of microor-ganisms on the space environment were analyzed,and the techniques and equipments for studying space microbiology were introduced.Molecular mechanisms underlying microbial growth and morphology,mass transfer,secondary metabolite production,immune charac-teristics,biofilm formation,DNA damage and stress responses under space microgravity and radiation were thoroughly reviewed.The potential of space microbiology in aerospace breeding and biomedical engineering were further prospected.This work holds significant implications for space breeding,provides scientific guidance for space missions,and advances the development of manned spaceflight and space exploration.

space microbiologymicrogravityradiationspace breedingbioengineering application

孙丽超、赵鹏卓、胡伟、霍毅欣

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北京理工大学生命学院&航天中心医院,北京 100081

北京理工大学唐山研究院,唐山 063000

中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州 730030

空间微生物 微重力 辐射 航天育种 生物工程应用

2024

生物学杂志
合肥市科学技术协会

生物学杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.554
ISSN:2095-1736
年,卷(期):2024.41(6)