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共同富裕视阈下商个人所得税征管的困境与出路

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实现共同富裕目标以分配正义为核心价值理念,分配正义的实现则依赖于税收.平台经济的快速发展推动"个人商化"潮流,新经济新业态下个人所得税法的立法与适用面临综合所得的最高边际税率高于经营所得有违税收公平、经营所得与劳务报酬所得界限不明、"转换收入性质"行为的定性模糊不清等困境.为实现共同富裕和税收公平,个人所得税法的立法应坚持按劳分配原则,使劳动性所得的最高边际税率不高于非劳动性所得.在个人所得税法的执法层面,税务机关为实现执法公平及保护纳税人的合法权益,应将如实申报重要涉税事实,仅转换收入性质的行为定性为避税而非逃税;为防止纳税人通过转换收入性质避税,应当严格适用核定征收政策,扩大查账征收的范围.
The Predicament and Solution of the Application of Personal Income Tax for Individual Merchant from the Perspective of Common Prosperity
The realization of the goal of common prosperity is based on the core value concept of distributive jus-tice,and the realization of distributive justice depends on taxation.The rapid development of the new business forms under the platform economy has promoted the trend of"individual commercialization",and the application of indi-vidual income tax for individual merchant is faced with the dilemma of unclear boundaries between business income and labor remuneration income,the ambiguity of the nature of the act of"converting the nature of income",and the fact that the highest marginal tax rate of comprehensive income is higher than that of business income.In order to a-chieve common prosperity and tax fairness,the highest marginal tax rate of labor income should not be higher than that of non-labor income.In order to achieve fair law enforcement,the tax authorities should characterize the con-version of the nature of income as tax avoidance rather than tax evasion.And the tax authorities shall restrict the tax power of check and ratify and expand the power to collect taxes through audit of accounts.

Common ProsperityDistributive JusticeIndividual MerchantBusiness Income

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武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉 430072

共同富裕 分配正义 商个人 经营所得

国家社会科学基金重点项目

21AFX007

2024

税务与经济
吉林财经大学

税务与经济

CSTPCDCHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.801
ISSN:1004-9339
年,卷(期):2024.(1)
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