摘要
自2018年刑事诉讼法确立认罪认罚从宽制度以来,认罪认罚案件庭审应发挥什么样的功能以符合事实无争议背景下轻罪案件的公正与效率要求,是司法实务中的疑难问题.当前认罪认罚案件庭审功能尚未充分发挥,主要表现为一定程度上的庭审虚化、形式化.根据认罪认罚案件庭审结果可预期性特点,认罪认罚案件庭审功能呈现二元化构造,其一是确认案件事实,其二是审查"四性",即认罪认罚的自愿性、明知性、合法性、真实性.因此,应进一步明确轻罪案件确认案件事实的方式和标准,将认罪情况记录、听取意见记录、社会调查评估意见等作为自愿性审查的具体对象,明确"问答式询问"等庭审程序简化规则,确保认罪认罚案件程序正当性.
Abstract
Since the establishment of the System of Pleading Guilty and Accepting Punishments with Leniency in the Criminal Procedure Law in 2018,a significant issue in judicial practice has been determining the appropriate function of court trials in cases involving pleading guilty and accepting punishment to meet the requirements of fairness and efficiency,particularly in minor offens-es with undisputed facts.Currently,the court trials for such cases have not fully realized their potential functions,manifesting in a certain degree of superficiality and formalism.Given the predictable nature of outcomes in such cases,the trial functions present a dual structure:first,the confirmation of the facts of the case,and second,the review of the"four characteristics,"namely the volun-tariness,awareness,legality,and authenticity.Therefore,it is essential to further clarify the methods and standards for confirming facts in minor offense cases,to consider the Guilty Plead Record,the Opinions Hearing Record,and the Social Investigation and As-sessment Report as specific objects of voluntariness review,and to establish simplified rules for court procedures such as"question-and-answer inquiries,"thereby ensuring the procedural fairness of cases involving pleading guilty and accepting punishment.
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