The Impact of Reservoir and Hydropower Plant Construction on Terrestrial Vertebrates
The construction of reservoirs and hydropower plants has become one of the key drivers of human-induced biodiversity loss in countries.It causes habitat loss and fragmentation,with the following biological consequences:loss of biodiversity,population fragmentation,changes in animal community structure,edge effect,intensified ecological competition,invasion of alien species.Dams create barriers that interrupt the dispersal and seasonal migration of some semi-aquatic mammals,such as beaver(Castor fiber)and otter(Lutra lutra).During impoundment period,habitats are flooded,animals may be trapped within the inundation area and die from drowning.In view of this,this paper reviews relevant research cases published at home and abroad since 1970,and summarizes measures to mitigate the ecological impact of reservoirs on terrestrial vertebrates,including establishing strict protected areas around the reservoir area and suitable habitats for target species upstream and downstream;using scientific methods to rescue and transfer animals under the professional guidance;building large land-bridge islands in the flooded area of the reservoir to maintain higher animal diversity;using continuous small islands to set up"animal channels on water".The paper can provide theoretical support for the design of wildlife protection measures and environmental impact assessment,and monitoring of future reservior and hydropower plant construction projects.
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