The impact of applying manure on the sensitivity of soil respiration temperature in cropland of north-ern China
[Objective]This study was designed to investigate the effect of manure application on the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration(expressed by Q10)and its main driving factors in northern China's croplands.The objective was to develop ap-propriate agricultural practices to reduce CO2 emissions from farmland.[Methods]Domestic and international literature on the influence of manure application on soil respiratory temperature sensitivity were collected from CNKI,Wanfang Data,and Web of Science databases.Using keywords like"manure","soil respiration","temperature sensitivity"and"Northern China",a total of 104 sets of experimental data were extracted from 16 published studies.Meta-analysis was used to investigate how various factors affected soil respiratory temperature sensitivity Q10 under different manure application conditions.[Results]The results indicated that manure application significantly increased soil respiration temperature sensitivity by 8.11% .Pig manure exhibit-ed a significantly higher increase rate of 12.72% compared to chicken manure of 5.56% .The highest increase in soil respira-tion temperature sensitivity was observed at manure application rate≤15 000 kg·hm-2(9.28%).Sole manure application showed a substantially greater increase(11.96%)than the combination of manure with chemical fertilizer(5.22%).In addi-tion,the increase was significantly higher with soil organic carbon≥12 g·kg-1(7.17%)compared to 6～12 g·kg-1(2.23%),and initial pH≥7(8.11%)versus pH<7(3.48%).Under varied climatic conditions,the increase in sensitivity was signifi-cantly higher for annual mean temperature≤5℃(8.83%)compared to 5～10℃ and≥10℃.Similarly,an annual rainfall of 400～600 mm(8.98%)displayed a significantly higher increase than≤400 mm(2.71%)and≥600 mm(-3.13%).Fur-thermore,the results from random forest(RF)analysis highlighted soil organic carbon(SOC)content as the key factor affect-ing change in soil respiration temperature sensitivity,explaining 42.6% of the variance.[Conclusion]Overall,the application of chemical fertilizer combined with chicken manure at rates exceeding>15 000 kg·hm-2 not only exhibited the smallest increase in soil respiration sensitivity to temperature in farmland of northern China,but also effectively reduced soil carbon emission,po-tentially contributing to global warming mitigation efforts.Additionally,soil organic carbon content emerged as the main driv-ing factors affecting soil respiration temperature sensitivity under manure application in northern China.
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