Genetic variation analysis of fruit traits in F1 generation of Cerasus humilis'Nongda 7'×'DS-1'hy-brids
[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the genetic variation patterns of key fruit quality traits in Cerasus humilis hybrid offspring and identify low-acid and low-astringency superior strains within the hybrid population.[Methods]Orthogonal and reciprocal hybrid populations were established using'Nongda 7'and'DS-1'as parent varieties.Fruit quality traits,includ-ing titratable acidity,soluble solids,tannins,single fruit weight,and fruit hardness,were evaluated to analyze genetic varia-tion.[Results]Significant segregation was observed in soluble solids,titratable acidity,single fruit weight,fruit shape index,and fruit hardness among the hybrid offspring.Traits such as soluble solids,titratable acidity,acid ratio,and tannins exhibited a tendency toward inheritance from higher-value parental traits,while fruit shape index tended toward lower-value inheritance.Single fruit weight showed a tendency toward lower parental inheritance,and fruit hardness displayed intermediate inheritance.The coefficients of variation of acid ratio,titratable acidity,tannins,single fruit weight,and fruit hardness in the'DS-1'×'Nongda 7'offspring were 27.81%,28.39%,32.25%,39.2%,and 20.49%respectively,indicating broad segregation and high selection potential.Soluble solids exhibited lower variation,13.15%and 16.34%in orthogonal and reciprocal offspring,respectively,suggesting limited selection potential.Positive hybrid vigor was observed in traits such as fruit hardness,soluble solids,titratable acidity,and tannins,reflecting certain hybrid advantages.[Conclusion]The acidity and astringency of the hy-brid offspring exhibited clear maternal genetic influence,making the use of a low-acid parent as the maternal line advantageous for selecting superior variant for fresh consumption.By quantifying fruit traits through an assignment method and applying clus-ter analysis,seven low-acid and low-astringency superior lines were identified in the'DS-1'×'Nongda 7'offspring.
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