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生成式人工智能的科技安全风险与防范

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生成式人工智能作为科技变革和产业赋能的重要引擎,凭借其强大的自然语言处理能力而具备广泛的应用前景.生成式人工智能具有以下科技安全风险:数字霸权和科技资源垄断等国家安全风险;算法黑箱和算法歧视等算法安全风险;人机互动过程人的自主决策意识丧失的科技伦理风险;跨境流动过程产生的数据和知识产权侵权风险.为构建可信任的生成式人工智能,应共同打造多元共治的生成式人工智能安全风险治理局面,形成风险识别及防范的逻辑闭环.在国家层面应以系统安全观为战略指引,分阶段稳步推进生成式人工智能科技安全立法.在行业层面应以场景理论为导向,分情景开展生成式人工智能的风险识别及其防控.在企业层面应将风险意识植入企业内部文化,探索多模块多层次的风险治理模式,落实企业合规责任.在用户层面应自觉以权利意识和自主决策为基本遵循.
Technological Security Risk and Prevention of Generative Artificial Intelligence
As an important engine for technological change and industrial empowerment,generative Ar-tificial Intelligence(AI)has a wide range of application prospects with its powerful natural language process-ing capability.Generative AI has the following technological security risks:national security risks such as digital hegemony and technological resource monopoly;Algorithm security risks such as algorithm black box and algorithm discrimination;The ethical risk of science and technology in the process of human-computer interaction;The risk of data and intellectual property infringement arising from cross-border flows.In order to build a trustworthy generative AI,we should jointly build a multi-governance generative artificial intelli-gence security risk governance situation,and form a logical closed loop for risk identification and prevention.At the national level,we should take the system security concept as the strategic guidance,and steadily pro-mote the security legislation of generative artificial intelligence technology in stages.At the industry level,scenario-oriented risk identification,prevention and control of generative artificial intelligence should be car-ried out in different scenarios.At the enterprise level,risk awareness should be implanted into the internal culture of the enterprise,and a multi-module and multi-level risk governance model should be explored to implement the compliance responsibility of the enterprise.At the user level,the awareness of rights and in-dependent decision-making should be consciously followed.

generative artificial intelligencescience and technology securityalgorithm supervisionrisk management

孙那、鲍一鸣

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西安交通大学法学院,陕西西安 710049

生成式人工智能 科技安全 算法监管 风险治理

国家社会科学基金西部项目

20XFX013

2024

陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
陕西师范大学

陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.486
ISSN:1672-4283
年,卷(期):2024.53(1)
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