Correlation of serum short-chain fatty acid levels with symptoms and biochemical indicators in patients with depression
Objective To investigate the correlation between serum short-chain fatty acid levels and biochemical indicators,clinical symptoms in patients with depression.Methods A total of 50 hospitalized patients with depression were enrolled in this study as case group,and 42 healthy volunteers were recruited as control group via posters at the same period.Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was used to detect the contents of five short-chain fatty acids in the serum,including acetic acid,butyric acid,valeric acid,isovaleric acid and caproic acid.ELISA method was used to detect biochemical indicators such as blood lipids,blood sugar,bile acids,creati-nine,urea,uric acid,and thyroxine.Flow cytometry was used to detect immune indicators in the blood,including white blood cells,neutrophils,lymphocytes,monocytes,neutrophil percentage,lymphocyte percentage,and monocyte percentage.Clinical symptoms of depression patients were assessed using HAMD-17,HAMA-14 examiner-rating scales and self-rating scales such as PHQ-9,GAD-7,PSQI,and SDS.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between short-chain fatty acids and biochemical indi-cators such as blood immune cells,blood glucose and lipids,and thyroxine,and clinical scales.Results Serum levels of acetic acid,valeric acid,and isovaleric acid were significantly higher in case group than in control group(P＜0.05).Elevated acetate was significantly positively correlated with monocyte percentage in patients with depression(r=0.39,P＜0.01).Valeric acid was negatively correlated with uric acid(r=-0.33,P＜0.05),and positively correlated with glucose(r=0.31,P＜0.05)and GAD7(r=0.31,P＜0.05).Isovaleric acid was positively correlated with creatinine(r=0.29,P＜0.05),urea(r=0.30,P＜0.05)and mental anxiety factor in HAMA(r=0.28,P＜0.05).Butyrate was positively correlated with TSH(r=0.34,P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with the number of lymphocytes(r=-0.39,P＜0.01).Caproic acid was positively correlated with multiple lipid metabolism parameters such as triglycerides(r=0.36,P＜0.05),total cholesterol(r=0.42,P＜0.01),and low-density lipoprotein(r=0.42,P＜0.01)and sleep factor in HAMD(r=0.30,P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of acetic acid,valeric acid,and isovaleric acid in serum of patients with depression are increased,which may interact with blood sugar,blood lipids,blood routine,and thyroid func-tion to jointly affect the occurrence of depression.
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