Correlation between gut microbiota and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease patients
Objective To explore the changes of gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease(AD)patients and their correlation with cognitive impairment.Methods According to the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale(CDR),35 AD patients were divided into mild to moderate group(n=15)and severe group(n=20).Fecal samples were collected to analyze the composition of microbiota and β diversity of gut microbiota by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.Survey questionnaires and scales were used to investigate the general situation,the depression status,and the degree of cognitive impairment of AD patients.The levels of white blood cells,triglycerides,cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein(HDL),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),apolipoprotein A(ApoA),ApoB,ApoE,lipoprotein a(Lpa),blood glucose(Glu),glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc)in AD patients were detected.The correlations between the fecal microbiota and the above indicators were conducted using R software.Results The scores of the Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE)and the Repe-titive Neuropsychological State Test(RBANS)in severe group were lower than those in mild to moderate group(P＜0.01).Intestinal microbiota analysis results indicated that there was a statistical difference in β diversity between the two groups(P＜0.05).The relative abundances of gut microbiota phylum and genus showed significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).Escherichia coli and Shigella were positively correlated with Lpa(P＜0.01),but negatively correlated with LDL(P＜0.05).Bifidobacterium was positively correlated with RBANS and HLP(P＜0.05),but negatively correlated with Lpa(P＜0.01).Klebsiella pneumoniae was positively correlated with disease course and CDR(P＜0.01),Akkermansia was negatively correlated with hyperlipidemia,Enterococcus was positively correlated with CDR(P＜0.05),and Lactobacillus was positively correlated with age(P＜0.05).Fecal bacteria were negatively correlated with CDR,disease duration,age,and MMSE(P＜0.05).Conclusion The changes of gut microbiota are associated with AD patients,and the cognitive impairment and the severity of AD patients are related to the diversity and the relative abundance of gut microbiota.
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