Objective To analyze the clinical effect of carrilizumab combined with anrotinib in patients with advanced e-sophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods A total of 65 patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were randomly divided into the control group(n=32)and the observation group(n=33).The control group was treated with tegafur combined with anrotinib for 21 days as a course of treatment,and the observation group was treated with carrilizumab combined with anrotinib for 21 days as a course of treatment,and both groups were treated for 4 consecutive courses of treatment.After treat-ment,the short-term efficacy,serum tumor marker levels,immune function,and the occurrence of adverse reactions were evaluated in both groups.Results The disease control rate of observation group(84.85%)was significantly enhanced compared with con-trol group(59.38%)(P<0.05).After treatment,the expression of serum CEA,CA19-9,CA125,and SCC levels in 2 groups were decreased,and the levels of the above indexes in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.001).After treatment,the levels of CD3+,CD4+,and CD4+/CD8+were increased,while the level of CD8+was decreased,and the changes of the above indexes in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group(P<0.01).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of hypertension,elevated transaminase,decreased appetite,fatigue,and capil-lary hyperplasia between 2 groups(P>0.05).The incidences of granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia in observation group were significantly declined compared with control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Carrellizumab combined with anrotinib could signifi-cantly reduce the level of serum tumor markers,improve the immune function of patients,and improve clinical efficacy with high safety,which is worthy of clinical promotion.