Objective To explore the effects of venetoclax(VEN)combined with azacitidine(AZA)on immune function and level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia(R/R AML).Methods According to propensity score matching method,68 patients with R/R AML were divided into the study group(34 cases,VEN+AZA)and the control group(34 cases,placebo+AZA),and all were continuously treated with the same standard chemotherapy regimen.The total remission rate,immune function indexes,blood indexes and serum VEGF before and af-ter chemotherapy,incidence of adverse reactions during chemotherapy,overall survival(OS)and event-free survival(EFS)within 12 months of follow-up were compared between the 2 groups.Results The total remission rate in study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(52.94％vs 29.41％,P＜0.05).After chemotherapy,levels of CD3+,CD4+and CD4+/CD8+in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The proportion of bone marrow blast cells and VEGF level in study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The difference in the in-cidence of adverse reactions between the study group and the control group was not statistically significant during chemotherapy(55.88％vs 35.29％,P＞0.05).At 12 months after chemotherapy,difference in OS between the study group and the control group was not statistically significant(76.32％vs 71.42％,Log-Rank x2=1.001,P＞0.05).EFS in the study group was higher than that in the control group(69.76％vs 40.74％,Log-Rank x2=4.313,P＜0.05).Conclusion VEN combined with AZA can improve immune function and reduce level of serum VEGF in R/R AML patients,with good safety and high tolerance.
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