Research Progress and Challenges of Underground Hydrogen Storage in Porous Media
The Chinese government's"double carbon target"and the breakthrough of electrolysis water hydrogen production technology make hydrogen energy with the advantages of large specific energy,storability,and renewability,become a hot issue.In order to promote the development of underground hydrogen storage technology,this paper reviews the current research status of underground hydrogen storage in the world,discusses the influencing factors and challenges of hydrogen sealing efficiency and upper cover sealing in porous media hydrogen storage,and analyzes the effects of hydrogen's own physical properties,reservoir rock mineral composition,underground storage environment on the hydrogen-saltwater-rock geochemical interaction and its influence on the cover sealing.The results show that under in-situ stress conditions,the existence of appropriate and high temperature,pressure and organic acid is conducive to the sealing of hydrogen storage cap,the hydrogen-saltwater-rock geochemical reaction is complex,the reaction with carbonate minerals is more intense,which has a greater impact on the rock pore structure and reservoir environment,the selection of reservoirs rich in quartz and other silicate minerals or carbonate-free sandstone can reduce the degree of reaction,and the biochemical reactions in the aquifer are highly likely to occur and consume a lot of hydrogen,which may result in mineral precipitation that could reduce the injection efficiency for underground hydrogen storage.
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