In order to solve the problem of poor compatibility difficulty in modification of Chunfeng vacuum residue with SBS,the composition of Chunfeng vacuum residue and Tahe vacuum residue was complementary,and the method of compounding first and modifying later was adopted.The compatibility between Chunfeng vacuum residue and SBS was improved,and the modification difficulty of Chunfeng vacuum residue was reduced.The compatibility difference between the two kinds of residue was analyzed in detail from the aspects of element composition,structural parameters and group composition.Finally,using Chunfeng and preferred Tahe vacuum residue as raw materials,the process conditions were optimized by uniform design test method.SBS modified asphalt with storage stability and performance meeting the I-B and I-C specifications of"Technical Requirements of Polymer Modified Asphalt"was prepared by selecting appropriate process conditions.