The decarboxylation of biomass-based γ-valerolactone(GVL)provides a new pathway for the sustainable production of butene.However,due to the low acidity of the commonly used amorphous SiO2-Al2O3 catalyst,this reaction could only be operated at low weight hourly space velocity(WHSV)condition,which limited its industrial scale-up.An efficient NaY catalyst was developed to address this challenge,which could achieve 100％GVL conversion and 99.6％butene selectivity at high WHSV.After 1 320 minutes on stream,the yield of butene remained at 99.4％.In addition,the yield of butene remained at 99.2％after 5 cycles of regeneration.Furthermore,LiY,KY and CaY were prepared by ion exchange to investigate the effect of metal cations on catalytic performance.The results indicated that NaY showed the best performance due to its balanced acid and base sites,and CaY exhibited poor performance due to the existence of strong Brønsted acid sites.
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