The Effect of Deep Loosening on the Physical Properties and Fungal Community Structure of Black Soil
To elucidate the effects of different deep loosening methods on the physical properties and fungal community structure of the black soil plow layer.Field experiments were conducted from 2018 to 2020,using rotary tillage as a control.A total of 10 treatments were set up with 3 deep loosening years(1,2,3 a)and 3 deep loosening depths(25,35 and 45 cm).The physical characteristics of the 0‒20 cm plow layer and the changes in fungal community structure in the maize rhizosphere soil were analyzed.Compared to rotary tillage,deep loosening can lead to a decrease in soil moisture content,temperature,and bulk density in the 0‒10 cm soil layer,and an increase in soil capillary porosity.From the perspective of deep loosening depth,the 45 cm(CS)deep loosening treatment has the greatest impact on the soil moisture content of the 0-10 cm soil layer,the 25 cm(QS)deep loosening treatment has the largest overall decrease in soil temperature,and the 35 cm(SS)deep loosening treatment has the smallest soil bulk density;Each treatment can increase the soil moisture content and bulk density of the 10-20 cm soil layer,and reduce the capillary porosity,which is opposite to the 0‒10 cm soil layer.At the same time,(generalized soil structure index,GSSI)and(soil three-phase structure distance index,TPSD)after deep loosening are significantly positively and negatively correlated with soil bulk density.The Ace index is significantly positively correlated with soil temperature,indicating that increasing soil temperature is beneficial for enhancing fungal community richness.Compared to rotary tillage treatment,deep loosening treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Ascomycota,while Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota increased significantly.This indicates that severe soil disturbance not only affects the water and heat conditions of the tillage layer,but also changes the fungal community structure,leading it to develop towards a new community structure.At a subordinate level,each deep loosening treatment increased the relative abundance of Bipolaris,Stachybotrys,Epicocum,Dioszegia,and Papiliotrema compared to CK(rotary tillage),while reducing the relative abundance of Myrmecridium,Sarocladium,Plectosphaerella,Cladorrhenum,and Cercophora.According to(analysis of similarities,ANOSIM),there were significant differences in fungal communities among the treatments(R=0.253,p=0.002).The depth of deep loosening is more likely to cause differences in fungal communities compared to the number of years of deep loosening,and increasing the number of years of deep loosening will reduce the differences caused by different depths.
deep looseningblack soilphysical propertiesfungicommunity structure
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
