Research progress on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pilomatrical carcinoma
Pilomatrical carcinoma(PC),a rare malignant cutaneous adnexal carcinoma,mainly occurs on the head and neck.The PC is more common among individuals aged below 30 years old or those between the ages of 60 and 70,showing a bimodal age distribution.Its clinical manifestations are similar to those of other skin tumors,making it prone to misdiagnosis or oversight.The definitive diagnosis of PC relies on histopathological examination of the skin biopsy specimen.Immunohistochemical staining can assist in distinguishing PC from other skin cancers based on valuable immunohistochemical markers,such as β-catenin,LEF-1,CDX2,PhLDAl,CD10,CD56,etc.The PC exhibits robust localized aggressiveness,with regional lymph node metastasis being the most prevalent.The wide local excision of the primary lesions is the first-choice treatment for PC.This review summarizes the most updated knowledge on the clinical characteristics,histomorphologic features,imaging manifestations,differential diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of PC.
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