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全球氢能产业发展趋势浅析

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在全球能源转型、实现碳中和的进程中,氢能承担着不可替代的重要作用.从全球氢能供需来看,在净零情境下,到2050年全球氢能需求量将达到6.6亿吨,低碳氢将大规模取代化石能源制氢,交通领域将成为用氢的重要增长领域.在制氢技术方面,碱性电解槽和质子交换膜电解槽已成为目前全球主流的商业化技术,未来碱性电解槽技术将以较低成本成为市场应用更广的技术.在储运技术方面,液氢、液氨和有机液态储氢均有可能成为未来氢能国际贸易的发展方向,其中船运液氨的成本优势较大.
Brief analysis of the Development Trends of Global Hydrogen Energy Business
In the process of global energy transformation and achieving carbon neutrality,hydrogen plays an irreplaceable and important role.From the perspective of global hydrogen supply and demand,in the net zero scenario,the demand for hydrogen energy will reach 660 million tons by 2050,and low-carbon hydrogen will replace hydrogen produced from fossil fuels on a large scale.The transportation sector will become the important growth area for hydrogen consumption.In terms of hydrogen production technology,alkaline electrolysis cells(ALK)and proton exchange membrane electrolysis cells(PEM)have become mainstream commercial technologies worldwide at present and ALK will become a more widely used technology in the market at a lower cost in the future.In terms of storage and transportation technology,liquid hydrogen,liquid ammonia,and organic liquid hydrogen storage all have the potential to become the development direction of international hydrogen energy trade in the future,among which shipping liquid ammonia has a significant cost advantage.

hydrogen energycarbon neutralitylow-carbon hydrogenhydrogen productionhydrogen storageALKPEM

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中国石油化工集团有限公司国际合作部,北京 100728

氢能 碳中和 低碳氢 制氢 储氢 碱性电解槽 质子交换膜电解槽

2024

石油石化绿色低碳
中国石油化工集团公司经济技术研究

石油石化绿色低碳

影响因子:0.23
ISSN:2095-0942
年,卷(期):2024.9(2)
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