With the high-quality development of the refining industry,the processing of petroleum resources will be more oriented to the promotion of molecular utilization efficiency and the optimization and management of the full value chain.From the perspective of hydrocarbon molecular structure management,in accordance with the original molecular structure of crude oil,with the product molecular structure as the guide,and the dominant components in catalytic cracking raw materials through separating crude oil components are enriched,thus,the catalytic reaction efficiency and process selectivity are improved.The catalytic cracking reaction performance of crude oil fractions before and after component separation was investigated in details,and the technology of component separation-catalytic cracking of crude oil was put forward.After the composition optimization of intermediate-base Kuwait crude oil,the total yield of light olefins and light aromatics can reach more than 42%,thus realizing the tailored composition of crude oil for the production of light olefins or aromatics and maximizing the utilization of crude oil resources at the molecular level.