摘要
新型催化剂的研发模式正从过去以实验设计、试错为主向理论设计指导转变,基于催化剂组成结构信息与反应性能建立的构效关系是催化剂设计的重要基础.多种超高分辨电子显微技术、表面分析技术、核磁共振技术、光谱表征技术、基于同步辐射光源的高分辨谱学等技术为研究催化剂活性中心本质提供了重要手段.概述了近20年来催化剂表征技术的发展概况及构效关系的研究方法,重点介绍了原子尺度与原位表征技术的进展,以及表征技术在分子筛、加氢催化剂、重整和丙烷脱氢催化剂、脱硫吸附剂等典型催化剂研究中的应用情况,以期为研究人员更好地研究催化剂构效关系提供导引和启发.
Abstract
The R&D pattern of new catalysts is changing from experimental design and trial-and-error mode to theoretical design and guide.The investigation of the structure-activity relationship,which is established based on the composition and structure information of the catalysts and their corresponding reaction performances,provides important information for catalyst design.A variety of ultra-high resolution electron microscopies,surface analysis,nuclear magnetic resonance,spectroscopic characterization,and synchrotron radiation-based high-resolution spectroscopies are significant approaches to investigate the active centers of catalysts.This paper reviews the development of characterization techniques for catalysts over the past 20 years and the investigation methods for structure-activity relationships,and emphatically introduces the progress of atomic scale and in situ characterization techniques,and the application of characterization techniques in research of typical catalysts such as molecular sieves,hydrogenation catalysts,reforming catalysts,PDH catalysts,and desulphurization adsorbents.It is expected to provide guidance and inspiration for researchers to better investigate the structure-activity relationship of catalysts.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFA1504402)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据