Research Progress on Factors Affecting the Activity of Oil Hydrotreating Catalysts
With the proposal of the"carbon dioxide emission peak"and"carbon neutrality"strategy,the proportion of renewable energy is gradually increasing.The production and development of biomass fuel using waste oil as raw material can not only significantly reduce carbon emissions,but also boast of large-scale continuous production,thus receiving widespread attention.However,the oxygen content in waste oil is relatively high,making it difficult to meet the requirements of high calorific value and good stability for a fuel.Therefore,it is necessary to undergo deoxidation during the hydrogenation process.Sulfurized hydrodeoxygenation catalysts are commonly used in industry,and the activity and stability of the catalysts have received special attention.The paper reviews the composition of waste oils,the structure of sulfurized hydrodeoxygenation catalysts,and the understanding of active sites.and also summarizes the different factors that affect catalyst activity,reasons for deactivation,and methods of improving catalyst activity and stability during the hydrodeoxygenation process.For oxygen sulfur exchange reactions,it is advisable to use the method of adding sulfurizing agent(H2S)to maintain the content of sulfurized catalyst active centers on the catalyst;for the coking reaction,it is advisable to use methods such as increasing hydrogen partial pressure to assist in the hydrogenation of coking precursors,and reducing the deoxygenation temperature to avoid the formation of carbon deposits from oxygen-containing compounds;for the hydration of the carrier,it is advisable to use hydrothermal treatment to improve the surface properties of the carrier,and add metal cation additives to enhance its ability to inhibit hydration;for the influence of product molecules H2O and CO,it is advisable to use the method of loading metal additives such as Ni to reduce the competitive adsorption of CO on the active center and the influence of H2O on the active center.The future development direction of sulfurized hydrodeoxygenation catalysts is proposed,aiming to improve the activity and stability of sulfurized hydrodeoxygenation catalysts and provide a theoretical basis for promoting the development and utilization of biomass fuels.
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