目的 探讨扬州市中小学生睡眠时长和近视的关系,为进一步改善中小学生睡眠质量和预防近视提供参考.方法 于2021年采用分层整群随机抽样的方法在扬州市抽取小学(4～6年级)、初中、高中各4所共2 900名学生进行调查,参照《全国学生常见病及健康影响因素监测方案》开展现场体格检查,包括测量每名对象的裸眼视力、屈光度、身高体重等指标,并采用线上问卷调查收集中小学生基本信息、课后读写时间、户外活动时间、父母文化程度、父母近视等与近视相关行为以及睡眠时长的情况.多因素logistic回归模型和相关分析睡眠时长与近视的关联.结果 共发放问卷3 050份,回收有效问卷2 900份,回收有效率95.08％.其中男生1 505人,占51.90％;女生1 395人,占48.10％;小学生(4～6年级)968人,占33.38％;初中生981人,占33.83％;高中生951人,占32.79％.检出近视2 175人,检出率75.00％.性别、学段、BMI、母亲文化程度、父母近视、课后读写时间、睡眠时长是否充足之间近视检出率差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).每天睡眠时长＜8 h 1 361 人,占 46.93％;8 h～＜9 h 724 人,占 24.97％;9 h～＜10h471 人,占 16.24％;≥ 10 h 344 人,占11.86％.不同地区、学段和性别中小学生每天睡眠时长比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).调整不同协变量混杂因素后,多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示,与每天睡眠时长≥10 h比较,每天睡眠时长＜8 h的学生患近视的风险更高(OR=1.407～1.475,95％CI:1.006～2.053).学生睡眠不足状态下,睡眠时长与左右眼等效球镜度数呈正相关(P均＜0.05).结论 中小学生睡眠时长和近视相关,每天睡眠时长不足可能是中小学生近视的危险因素.建议将改善睡眠时长不足作为近视防控的重点干预措施.
Correlation of sleep duration with myopia among primary and middle school students in Yangzhou City
Objective To explore the relationship between sleep duration and myopia among middle and primary school students in Yangzhou City,and to provide references for further improving sleep quality and preventing myopia among middle and primary school students.Methods In 2021,a total of 2,900 students from 4 primary schools(grades 4-6),4 middle schools and 4 high schools were selected by a stratified cluster random sampling method in Yangzhou City for an investigation.Physical examination was carried out on site according to the National Program for Monitoring Students'Common Diseases and Factors Influencing Health,including measurement of naked eye vision,diopter,height and weight of each subject.An online questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the primary and middle school students'general information,myopic-related behaviors like time for reading and writing after the class,time for outdoor activities and parents'educational levels and myopia,and the length of sleep.Multivariate logistic regression model and correlation analysis were used for analyzing the association between sleep duration and myopia.Results A total of 3,050 questionnaires were sent out,and 2,900 effective questionnaires were retrieved,with a retrieving effective rate of 95.08％.Among them,1,505(51.90％)were male students,1,395(48.10％)female students,968(33.38％)primary school students(grades 4-6),981(33.83％)junior middle school students,and 951(32.79％)high school students.Myopia was detected in 2,175 students,with a detection rate of 75.00％.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of myopia between genders,among school stages,body mass indexes,maternal education levels,parents'myopia and time for after-class reading and writing,and between sufficient and insufficient sleep duration(all P＜0.05).1,361(46.93％)students slept＜8 h per day,724(24.97％)8 h-＜9 h,471(16.24％)9 h-＜10 h,and 344(11.86％)≥ 10 h.The daily sleep duration showed statistically significant differences among primary and secondary school students in different districts,school stages and genders(all P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression model analysis displayed that students who slept＜8 h per day had a higher risk of myopia than those who slept≥10 per day(OR=1.407-1.475,95％CI:1.006-2.053).There was a positive correlation between sleep duration and equivalent bulb degree of left and right eyes(P＜0.05)when the students were sleep-deprived.Conclusion The primary and secondary school students'sleep duration is related to myopia,and insufficient daily sleep duration may be a risk factor for myopia.It is suggested that the improvement of insufficient sleep duration can be taken as the key intervention measure to prevent and control myopia.
primary and secondary school studentsmyopiasleep duration
万方数据
维普
