Current status of psychological and behavioral development and its influencing factors among preschoolers in Shunde District,Foshan City,2021
Objective To investigate the status quo of psychological and behavioral development amongst preschool children in Shunde District,Foshan City in 2021,to explore the factors influencing children's psychological and behavioral development deviations,and to provide a scientific basis for promoting children's healthy development and formulating relevant prevention and control measures.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 19 kindergartens in 10 communities in Shunde District in December 2021.Early warning signs of children's psychological and behavioral development problems were used for screening,and then pregnant women's and children's general information was collected.Results A total of 4,930 valid questionnaires were collected,and the screening positive rate was 4.3％.The fine motor development problems of children aged 3-5 years were more prominent,and the positive proportion was 47.1％in the 3-year-old group,39.0％in the 4-year-old group and 83.0％in the 5-year-old group respectively.The language development problems of children aged 6 years were more significant,and the positive proportion was 55.6％.Multivariate analysis revealed that male children(OR=2.128,95％CI:1.570-2.886),children aged 5 years(OR=2.148,95％CI:1.474-3.131),children with very low birth weight(OR=9.167,95％CI:2.016-41.681),children having an experience of umbilical cord around the neck(OR=1.559,95％CI:1.062-2.287)and children with maternal emotional problems during pregnancy(OR=3.150,95％CI:1.768-5.611)had a higher risk of developmental abnormalities.Children aged 6 years(OR=0.404,95％CI:0.179-0.913)and having a mother armed with a bachelor's degree(OR=0.637,95％CI:0.449-0.903)had a lower risk of developmental abnormalities.Conclusion Relevant health departments should carry out regular screening and guidance for psychological and behavioral development problems in the preschoolers.Meanwhile,it is necessary to do a good job of pregnancy publicity and education,encourage prenatal visits in time,relieve maternal unhealthy mood during pregnancy,and reduce the occurrence of very low birth weight and umbilical cord around the neck.
psychological and behavioral developmentpreschoolerinfluencing factorenvironmental exposure
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