Epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥50 years and the factors influencing antiretroviral treatment in Changde City,2018-2022
Objective To analyze the epidemic features of H1V/AIDS cases≥50 years old newly reported in Changde City during 2018-2022 and the factors affecting antiretroviral treatment,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control policies and intervention measures for the elderly.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted on 1,791 HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥50 years reported in Changde City from January 1,2018 to December 31,2022.Data regarding basic demographic information,past high-risk behavior contact history,infection routes,sample sources,first-time CD4+T cell count and antiretroviral treatment were collected,and the epidemic trend,infection routes and contact history,late detection and antiretroviral treatment of cases aged ≥50 years in recent years were analyzed.The factors influencing the treatment coverage rate were explored.Results From 2018 to 2022,the proportion of cases aged ≥50 years in the total number of cases in Changde City increased from 53.88％in 2018 to 62.40％in 2022,with an upward trend in the proportion over the years(P=0.009).Heterosexual transmission was the main route of infection for the cases aged ≥50 years(95.98％).In the cases with heterosexual transmission,the proportion of non-marital commercial sexual behavior was higher in males than in females(P＜0.001),while the proportion of sexual contact with spouse/fixed sexual partner was higher in females than in males(P＜0.001).In addition,same-sex transmission also accounted for a certain proportion(5.13％)of infected men aged ≥50 years.The late detection rate of cases aged ≥50 years was relatively high(67.78％),and screening by medical institutions was the main source of case detection(72.75％).80.01％of the cases aged ≥ 50 years received antiretroviral treatment,and no statistically significant differences were found in the treatment rates among cases with different genders,ages,marital status,sample sources and first-time CD4+T cell levels(all P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that females were more willing to receive antiretroviral treatment(OR=1.514,95％CI:1.054-2.176),and cases in the group aged 70-years were more reluctant to receive antiretroviral treatment as compared with cases in the group aged 50-years(OR=0.444,95％C/:0.297-0.664).Conclusion People aged≥50 years have become one of the key groups in AIDS prevention and control.It is necessary to take measures like detecting the infected as soon as possible,carrying out antiretroviral treatment as quick as possible and achieving effective virus suppression so as to curb the spread of AIDS among people aged ≥50 years.
human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndromeat the age of 50 years or aboveepidemic characteristicantiretroviral therapyinfluencing factor
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